C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein produced by the liver. Its presence in the bloodstream indicates inflammation within the body. This protein serves as a general marker, signaling that the body’s immune system is responding to some form of irritation or injury.
Recognizing Symptoms of High CRP
Elevated C-reactive protein levels are often linked to a range of symptoms, which can vary significantly based on the underlying inflammatory process. For moderate inflammation, individuals might experience unexplained fatigue that persists despite rest. Other common indicators include generalized body pain, muscle stiffness, and a feeling of weakness throughout the day.
A low-grade fever, often hovering around 100°F (37.8°C), can also be present, along with recurrent headaches or chills. Digestive discomforts such as nausea, indigestion, or loss of appetite may arise. Sleep disturbances, particularly insomnia, and unexplained weight loss signal inflammatory stress.
When inflammation becomes more severe, due to acute infections, the symptoms tend to be more pronounced. A high fever, potentially exceeding 102°F (38.9°C), often accompanies a rapid heart rate. Profuse sweating, accompanied by chills or shaking, can indicate a systemic response.
Persistent vomiting or diarrhea suggests gastrointestinal involvement, while difficulty breathing can signal respiratory inflammation. Skin manifestations like a rash or hives may also appear. Generalized body pain, stiffness, and soreness can become debilitating, and in extreme cases, individuals might experience dizziness or even a brief loss of consciousness, indicating severe inflammation.
What Causes Elevated CRP
Various factors and medical conditions can lead to an increase in CRP. Bacterial infections are a common cause, ranging from localized infections to severe systemic conditions like sepsis, where the body’s response to infection is overwhelming. Fungal infections can also trigger an inflammatory response that elevates CRP levels. The body’s immune system reacts to these pathogens, prompting the liver to produce more CRP.
Autoimmune disorders represent another category, where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy body tissues. Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, which causes chronic inflammation of the joints, or systemic lupus erythematosus, a widespread inflammatory disease, consistently lead to elevated CRP.
Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, also result in high CRP due to chronic inflammation in the digestive tract. Bone infections, known as osteomyelitis, cause localized inflammation that can raise CRP levels. Beyond specific diseases, certain lifestyle factors contribute to chronic low-grade inflammation. Obesity can release inflammatory cytokines. A sedentary lifestyle and regular smoking are also associated with increased CRP, reflecting systemic inflammation.
When to Consult a Doctor
Recognizing the symptoms associated with elevated C-reactive protein levels should prompt a consultation with a healthcare professional. It is particularly important to seek medical attention if symptoms are persistent, worsening over time, or become severe. Early professional diagnosis helps in understanding the root cause of the inflammation.
A C-reactive protein test effectively identifies the presence of inflammation within the body. However, this test alone cannot determine the exact cause or location of the inflammatory process. Additional diagnostic procedures, such as blood tests, imaging scans, or specific physical examinations, are usually necessary to pinpoint the underlying condition.
Consulting a doctor ensures that an accurate diagnosis is made and an appropriate treatment plan can be developed. Self-diagnosis based solely on symptoms or a general understanding of CRP levels is not advised. Medical guidance is important for managing any inflammatory condition and addressing its specific triggers effectively.