Experiencing some discomfort after oral surgery, especially with stitches, is common. Understanding what sensations to expect can help differentiate typical recovery from potential complications.
Understanding the Discomfort
Oral stitches hold gum tissue together, reduce bleeding, and promote proper healing by keeping the surgical site closed. This closure helps prevent food particles and bacteria from entering the wound, minimizing infection risk.
Immediately after a procedure, it is normal to feel tightness, mild soreness, or a general awareness of the stitches. Swelling might also occur, typically peaking two to three days post-surgery. Stitches can feel rough or scratchy against your tongue. Dissolvable stitches are designed to be smooth and should not cause significant irritation. Non-dissolvable stitches, made from materials like silk, are stronger and used when more support is needed.
Managing Discomfort at Home
Several strategies can help alleviate common discomforts associated with oral stitches. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, are generally effective in managing pain. Take these medications as advised by your dental professional, even before local anesthesia completely wears off.
Maintaining gentle oral hygiene is also important. Starting 24 hours after surgery, rinse your mouth gently with warm salt water (about half a teaspoon of salt in eight ounces of warm water) to keep the area clean and promote healing. This rinse can also help reduce swelling and inflammation. You should brush your teeth gently, being careful around the surgical site, and avoid vigorous rinsing or spitting, which can dislodge blood clots.
Dietary adjustments can also contribute to comfort. Stick to soft, cool foods for the first 24 to 48 hours following surgery. Examples include soups, yogurt, mashed potatoes, scrambled eggs, and smoothies. Avoid hot, spicy, or sharp foods, as well as those with small seeds or crumbs, which could irritate the surgical site or get lodged in the stitches. Applying cold compresses to the outside of your face for 15-20 minutes on and 15-20 minutes off during the first 24 hours can significantly reduce swelling.
When to Seek Professional Advice
While some discomfort is expected, certain signs indicate you should contact your dental professional. Increasing or severe pain that does not respond to prescribed or over-the-counter medication is a cause for concern. If pain or swelling worsens after the third day, it warrants a professional evaluation.
Contact your dental professional if you experience:
- Excessive or prolonged bleeding that does not stop with gentle pressure from gauze after 30 minutes.
- Signs of infection, including persistent swelling, redness, fever (above 102°F or 39°C), pus formation, or a foul taste or smell.
- Stitches coming undone prematurely, especially within the first few days, or a large piece of tissue feeling loose.
- Any unusual or concerning symptoms not covered by your post-operative instructions.
Stitch Removal and Healing Timeline
The duration stitches remain in your mouth depends on their type. Dissolvable stitches are commonly used in oral surgery and are designed to break down and be absorbed by the body over time, eliminating the need for manual removal. These typically dissolve within 7 to 14 days, though some can take up to several weeks. It is normal for them to feel loose or appear to be “hanging” as they dissolve.
Non-dissolvable stitches, made from materials like silk, nylon, or polyester, provide stronger, longer-term support and require removal by a dental professional. This removal usually occurs during a follow-up appointment, typically within one to two weeks after the surgery. The overall healing of soft tissues after stitches dissolve or are removed can continue for several weeks. While initial healing occurs relatively quickly, complete tissue regeneration and bone filling in extraction sites can take months. Following all post-operative instructions helps ensure optimal healing outcomes.