The “split leaf pothos” has become a favored houseplant, drawing attention with its striking foliage and tropical charm. Its unique aesthetic, characterized by large, often perforated leaves, adds natural elegance to indoor spaces. This plant’s growing popularity makes it a sought-after addition for many enthusiasts.
Understanding Your “Split Leaf Pothos”
The plant commonly called “split leaf pothos” is not a true Pothos (Epipremnum aureum), which has solid, heart-shaped leaves. It is most often Monstera deliciosa, a distinct species known for its prominent leaf fenestrations (splits and holes). These fenestrations develop as leaves mature. Monstera deliciosa also develops thick aerial roots, used for climbing.
Another plant sometimes confused with Monstera deliciosa is Rhaphidophora tetrasperma, or “Mini Monstera.” While Rhaphidophora tetrasperma also has split leaves, its leaves are smaller and its growth habit is more compact. Understanding these distinctions is important, as care requirements vary between species. This guide focuses on the care of Monstera deliciosa.
Essential Care for Your Plant
Light Needs
Monstera deliciosa thrives in bright, indirect light, mimicking its native rainforest environment. Placing it near an east, west, or diffused south-facing window provides suitable conditions. Too much direct sunlight can scorch leaves, causing yellowing or brown spots. Insufficient light results in stunted growth, smaller leaves, or a lack of fenestrations.
If leaves appear pale or fenestrations aren’t developing, the plant may need more light. Adjusting its placement or using a grow light can help provide the necessary luminosity. A consistent source of bright, indirect light for 5-8 hours daily supports vigorous growth.
Watering Practices
Proper watering is crucial for Monstera deliciosa. Water when the top two to three inches of soil feel dry. Thoroughly saturate the soil until water drains from the pot’s bottom, then discard excess water. Allowing the soil to dry between waterings prevents root rot. Overwatering causes yellowing lower leaves, while underwatering leads to limp, dry, or crispy edges.
Soil Requirements
Monstera deliciosa prefers a well-draining, aerated potting mix that retains some moisture. A suitable blend includes indoor houseplant soil, perlite, and orchid bark. This mix provides good drainage, preventing waterlogging, and allows air circulation to the roots.
Ingredients like perlite or pumice enhance drainage and aeration for root health. Sphagnum peat moss or coconut coir can be added to help retain moisture. An ideal soil pH range is 5.5–7.
Temperature and Humidity
Monstera deliciosa thrives in warm, humid conditions, mimicking its tropical origin. The ideal temperature range is 65°F to 85°F (18°C to 29°C). Maintain stable temperatures, avoiding prolonged periods below 60°F (15°C) to prevent cold damage.
While Monstera tolerates average indoor humidity, 40-60% promotes healthier growth. Dry air can cause brown leaf tips or crispy edges. To increase humidity, use a humidifier, group plants, or place the pot on a pebble tray.
Fertilizing Your Plant
During its active growing season (mid-spring to mid-fall), Monstera deliciosa benefits from regular fertilization. A balanced liquid fertilizer with an NPK ratio around 3-1-2 or 2-1-1 is recommended for lush foliage. Apply fertilizer every two to four weeks, following dilution instructions to prevent root burn. Water the plant thoroughly before fertilizing.
During dormant winter months, reduce or cease fertilization as growth slows. Signs of nutrient deficiency, such as slow growth or yellowing leaves, may indicate a need for fertilization.
Repotting and Providing Support
Monstera deliciosa typically needs repotting every one to two years, or when root-bound signs appear. Spring is the best time, as the plant enters its active growth phase. Choose a new pot only 1-2 inches larger in diameter with drainage holes.
Due to its climbing nature, providing vertical support is important. A moss pole or sturdy trellis allows the plant to climb, mimicking its natural habit. This support encourages larger leaves and more fenestrations. Gently guide aerial roots to attach to the support for upright growth.
Propagating Your Plant
Propagating Monstera deliciosa is commonly done using stem cuttings. Each cutting must include at least one node, the point where a leaf or aerial root emerges, as cuttings without a node will not develop roots.
To take a cutting, use clean, sharp shears to snip a 4-6 inch stem section about half an inch below a node, ensuring it has at least one leaf. Remove any lower leaves that would be submerged. Cuttings can be rooted in water by placing the node in filtered water, changing it every few days. Alternatively, plant cuttings directly into moist, well-draining soil, ensuring the node is covered. Once roots are established (a few weeks to months), transplant the cutting into a larger pot.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Several common issues can arise when caring for Monstera deliciosa, but most are resolved with care adjustments. Yellowing leaves often signal improper watering, especially overwatering leading to root rot. It can also be caused by too much or too little light, or nutrient deficiencies. Check soil moisture and adjust watering frequency first.
Brown leaf tips or edges typically indicate low humidity or underwatering. Increase ambient humidity or ensure adequate watering when the topsoil is dry. A lack of fenestrations on new leaves often points to insufficient light or plant immaturity; provide brighter, indirect light. Common pests like spider mites, mealybugs, thrips, and aphids can cause yellowing, stunted growth, or disfigured leaves. Inspect regularly and treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil.