Tongue scraping is a straightforward practice involving the use of a simple tool to gently remove debris and bacteria from the surface of the tongue. This action is an important addition to a complete oral hygiene routine, which typically focuses on the teeth and gums. The central question remains whether this cleaning should occur before or after brushing the teeth for maximum benefit.
Understanding the Purpose of Tongue Cleaning
The tongue’s surface is covered in thousands of tiny projections called papillae, structured like small folds or crevices. This rough, textured landscape acts as a natural trap for microscopic food particles, dead epithelial cells, and a diverse community of oral bacteria. When this buildup accumulates, it forms a visible coating that is a primary cause of several oral health issues.
The primary function of tongue scraping is to physically remove this microbial layer to mitigate the production of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). These sulfur compounds, which include hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, are metabolic byproducts of the bacteria and are the main culprits responsible for halitosis, commonly known as bad breath. Studies indicate that scrapers are more effective than a toothbrush at reducing VSC levels. Beyond breath freshness, removing the coating can also sharpen the perception of taste, allowing taste buds to interact more directly with food flavors.
Determining the Correct Sequence
The most effective approach is to perform tongue scraping before you brush your teeth. This sequencing is based on the functional goal of removing the bulk of the oral debris and bacteria before introducing toothpaste and a toothbrush. Scraping your tongue first ensures that the thick layer of microorganisms and residue is physically removed and rinsed away from the mouth.
Scraping first prevents the dislodged bacteria and debris from being spread around the rest of the mouth, potentially recontaminating the teeth and gums during brushing. By clearing the most significant source of oral bacteria, you are cleaning a heavily soiled surface before moving on to a secondary cleaning step. This prepares the oral environment for a more thorough and effective cleaning.
The rationale is also tied to the effectiveness of the toothpaste and its active ingredients, such as fluoride. When the tongue is cleaned first, the subsequent brushing step works in a cleaner oral environment. This allows the beneficial compounds in the toothpaste to better access the tooth surfaces and gum line without having to contend with the dense microbial coating. Incorporating scraping as the first step maximizes the impact of your entire oral hygiene routine, leading to a healthier mouth and fresher breath.
Essential Steps for Proper Scraping
To begin the process, select a tool made from stainless steel or copper, as these materials are durable and easy to clean. Stand in front of a mirror and extend your tongue as far as is comfortable to gain access to the back of the surface. Place the scraper as far back on the tongue as possible, being careful not to trigger a gag reflex.
Apply light, consistent pressure and smoothly pull the scraper forward toward the tip of the tongue in a single motion. The goal is a firm but gentle scrape; excessive force is unnecessary and can cause irritation or injury to the delicate tissue. After each pass, rinse the scraper under running water to wash away the removed debris before repeating the action.
Repeat the scraping motion three to four times, or until you have covered the entire surface of the tongue and no more residue is being removed. This routine should be performed once or twice daily, typically in the morning to remove the overnight accumulation of bacteria. Once finished, rinse your mouth with water and proceed with brushing and flossing to complete your oral care.