Blisters are common skin occurrences, appearing as small pockets of fluid within the upper layers of skin. They form due to various factors, including friction, heat, or certain medical conditions. This article provides guidance on when to leave blisters undisturbed and when draining might be considered.
The Case for Leaving Blisters Intact
The skin covering a blister acts as a natural protective barrier, shielding the underlying damaged skin from external contaminants. This intact layer helps prevent bacteria from entering the wound, thereby reducing the risk of infection. Popping a blister removes this protective “roof,” exposing the vulnerable new skin beneath to potential pathogens. Breaking the blister can also slow down the healing process and increase discomfort or pain. The fluid inside the blister, typically clear serum, is sterile and provides a moist environment that promotes the natural healing of the skin underneath.
How to Care for an Unbroken Blister
If a blister remains unbroken, protect it from further irritation and allow it to heal naturally. Keep the affected area clean and dry by gently washing the skin around the blister with mild soap and water, then patting it dry. To prevent friction and further damage, cover the blister with a soft plaster or padded dressing. For blisters on high-friction areas like the feet, apply a doughnut-shaped moleskin pad around the blister, leaving the center open over the blister itself. This cushioning helps shield the blister while it reabsorbs the fluid and new skin forms underneath, a process that takes 3 to 7 days.
When (and How) to Safely Drain a Blister
While generally advised against, draining a blister might be considered if it is very large, causing significant pain, or interfering with daily activities. It is best to consult a healthcare professional for draining, especially if you have underlying conditions like diabetes or poor circulation, which increase infection risk.
Draining Procedure
If draining is necessary, ensure a sterile procedure. Follow these steps:
- Wash your hands and the blister area thoroughly with soap and water.
- Sterilize a small, thin needle by wiping it with rubbing alcohol or heating it until red hot.
- Gently pierce the edge of the blister in several spots, allowing the fluid to drain while leaving the overlying skin intact.
- After draining, apply an antibiotic ointment or petroleum jelly and cover the area with a nonstick bandage or sterile gauze.
- Do not remove the skin over the blister, as this provides a natural protective cover for the healing skin below.