Atrial fibrillation (Afib) is a common heart rhythm disorder where the heart’s upper chambers beat irregularly. It can manifest with symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue, and it increases the risk of stroke. For individuals with Afib, air travel can raise questions about safety and potential health impacts.
How Flying Affects Afib
Air travel introduces several physiological changes that can influence heart rhythm and overall well-being for individuals with Afib. Commercial aircraft cabins are typically pressurized to an altitude equivalent of 6,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level, which results in lower oxygen levels, a condition known as hypobaric hypoxia. This reduced oxygen can cause the heart to work harder to circulate oxygenated blood, potentially increasing heart rate and blood pressure. Some studies indicate that lower oxygen levels can worsen Afib symptoms or strain the heart.
In addition to changes in cabin pressure and oxygen, prolonged immobility during flights contributes to a higher risk of blood clots, particularly deep vein thrombosis (DVT). For Afib patients, who already have an elevated risk of blood clots, this factor is especially relevant. The low humidity levels in airplane cabins can also lead to dehydration, a known trigger for Afib episodes. Furthermore, the inherent stress of travel itself, including airport navigation and potential delays, can increase stress hormones, which might also influence heart rhythm.
Determining Your Flight Readiness
Assessing individual readiness to fly with Afib requires consultation with a healthcare professional. It is recommended to discuss travel plans with a cardiologist well in advance of any trip. A doctor can evaluate the stability of the Afib condition, considering factors such as how well it is controlled, the frequency and severity of recent symptoms or episodes, and adherence to medication. Patients with well-managed Afib generally face a lower risk during air travel.
Flying might be considered safe if the Afib is stable, asymptomatic, and effectively managed with medication. Conversely, air travel may be advised against in situations such as recent stroke, uncontrolled Afib, or a new diagnosis where stability is unconfirmed. For example, individuals who have recently undergone an ablation procedure for Afib are typically advised to wait one to two weeks before flying. A medical escort service may be an option for individuals with uncontrolled Afib who still require air travel, offering continuous monitoring and medical intervention during the flight.
Key Preparations Before Travel
Careful preparation is essential for individuals with Afib planning air travel. Obtaining necessary medical documentation, such as a letter from the doctor detailing the condition and prescriptions, is important. This documentation should be carried in original packaging in carry-on luggage.
Ensuring an adequate supply of all medications, including extra doses for potential travel delays, is a practical step. Understanding how to manage medication timings across different time zones is important to maintain consistent treatment. Considering travel insurance that specifically covers pre-existing medical conditions like Afib is recommended to protect against unexpected medical emergencies abroad. Carrying a medical alert card or wearing a medical alert bracelet with information about the condition and emergency contacts can provide vital information in an emergency.
Staying Well During Your Flight
Once cleared for travel, several measures can be taken during the flight to minimize potential risks. Staying well-hydrated is crucial; drink plenty of water before and throughout the flight, limiting consumption of alcohol and caffeine, which can contribute to dehydration and trigger Afib episodes. Moving frequently is important to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a risk associated with prolonged immobility. This can involve walking around the cabin every hour or so, or performing leg exercises in your seat if movement is restricted.
Wearing compression stockings, if recommended, can aid in preventing blood clots. Managing stress during travel can help reduce Afib episodes; arriving early at the airport to avoid rushing can be beneficial. Should symptoms of Afib or other concerns arise during the flight, inform the cabin crew immediately for assistance or medical help.