Flossing is a necessary component of a complete oral hygiene routine, specifically targeting areas a toothbrush cannot effectively reach. While consistency is the most important factor, the time of day can offer certain advantages for maximizing oral health benefits.
The Essential Function of Flossing
Brushing cleans the outer, inner, and chewing surfaces of the teeth, but it is unable to thoroughly clean the narrow spaces between teeth or the area just beneath the gumline. This is where flossing performs its singular function by removing interproximal plaque and trapped food debris. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth, and if it is not removed, it can harden into tartar, a calcified deposit that requires professional removal.
Leaving plaque in these tight spaces can lead to the inflammation of the gums, known as gingivitis, characterized by swelling, redness, and bleeding. Regular flossing disrupts these bacterial colonies, preventing the progression of gum disease and reducing the risk of cavities where teeth touch. This mechanical action of clearing the interdental spaces is what makes flossing an indispensable tool for long-term oral health.
The Timing Debate: Morning, Night, or Both?
The most important recommendation regarding flossing timing is to do it once a day, every day, at a time you can consistently maintain. Dental professionals often suggest flossing before bed, as this timing offers a distinct advantage for protecting your teeth while you sleep. Flossing at night removes the food particles and plaque buildup accumulated throughout the day.
Removing this debris before sleep is beneficial because saliva production decreases significantly overnight, reducing the mouth’s natural ability to wash away bacteria and neutralize acids. A drier oral environment allows remaining bacteria and food particles to thrive more easily, increasing the likelihood of damage during sleep. Cleaning your mouth thoroughly before this long period of inactivity minimizes the risk of overnight bacterial growth and plaque formation.
Floss-Brush Sequence and Technique
A common question is whether flossing should happen before or after brushing. While the American Dental Association states that either order is acceptable if done thoroughly, some evidence suggests flossing first is slightly more effective. Flossing first dislodges plaque and food particles from between the teeth, turning the debris into a loose suspension. Brushing immediately after flossing then allows the bristles to effectively sweep away this loosened material.
This sequence also allows the fluoride in toothpaste to reach the newly cleaned interdental surfaces more easily, where it can provide maximum protection against decay. Proper technique involves using about 18 inches of floss and wrapping a clean section around each tooth in a “C” shape. This C-shape technique ensures the floss wraps around the curve of the tooth, reaching slightly below the gumline to remove sticky biofilm without causing trauma to the gum tissue.