Flossing uses a thin filament to remove food debris and bacterial plaque from the tight spaces between teeth and beneath the gum line. While most people understand flossing is an important part of dental hygiene, there is frequent confusion about how often and when this task should be performed. Determining an effective flossing routine requires clear guidelines on frequency, timing, and proper technique. This article aims to provide that clarity for optimal oral health.
The Daily Flossing Recommendation
Major dental organizations, such as the American Dental Association, consistently recommend cleaning between your teeth just once per day to maintain healthy gums and prevent disease. The question of whether to floss in the morning and at night is largely answered by this single-session recommendation. Flossing twice a day is generally unnecessary for most people unless a dentist advises it due to specific gum issues. The most important factor is consistency, ensuring the interdental spaces are cleaned every 24 hours.
The Unique Role of Interdental Cleaning
Flossing is necessary because toothbrush bristles cannot effectively reach the proximal surfaces where the teeth touch each other. These tight contact points harbor bacterial plaque and food particles that brushing alone leaves behind. Without daily removal, this soft, sticky biofilm begins to harden into calculus, or tartar, within 24 to 72 hours, which can only be removed by a professional dental cleaning. Neglecting this area increases the risk of developing cavities and initiating gingivitis, the early stage of gum disease.
Optimal Timing for Flossing
Although consistency is the priority, flossing before bed is generally considered the most beneficial time for most people. During sleep, the natural flow of saliva, which helps rinse away bacteria and neutralize acids, decreases significantly. Removing plaque and food particles before this prolonged period of reduced natural protection is important to limit bacterial activity while you rest. It is also suggested to floss immediately before brushing, as this sequence allows the fluoride from the toothpaste to better access the newly cleaned interdental surfaces.
Ensuring Effective Technique
To ensure the daily session is effective, proper technique with string floss is required, beginning with about 18 inches of floss. Wrap most of this length around the middle fingers, leaving a small, taut section for maneuvering. The floss must be gently guided between the teeth, taking care not to snap it forcefully into the gum tissue.
Once between the teeth, curve the floss into a “C” shape against one tooth, sliding it gently below the gum line until resistance is felt, and moving it up and down several times. Always unroll a clean section of floss before moving on to the next pair of teeth to avoid transferring bacteria. For individuals who struggle with string floss technique, alternatives like floss picks, interdental brushes, or water flossers can be effective options.