For generations, the adage “feed a cold, starve a fever” has guided how people approach illness. With COVID-19, many wonder if this traditional wisdom applies. This article provides evidence-based guidance on nutrition and hydration during a COVID-19 infection to support recovery.
Dispelling the Illness Nutrition Myth
The traditional saying “feed a cold, starve a fever” is a long-held belief, but it lacks modern medical support. This historical advice, dating back to Hippocrates, suggested fasting could remedy a fever. However, modern science indicates the body requires adequate nourishment whether dealing with a cold or a fever.
When the body combats an infection, its immune system demands significant energy and nutrients. A fever increases metabolism, leading to higher caloric expenditure. Depriving the body of food during illness can weaken the immune response and delay healing, as immune cells require glucose and other resources. Therefore, proper nutrition is important for the body’s natural defenses against viral infections.
Supporting Your Body During COVID-19
Proper nutrition and hydration are important for COVID-19 recovery, providing the body with tools for an effective immune response. The body needs sufficient calories, protein, and a range of vitamins and minerals to support immune function. Immune cells consume glucose for energy, so adequate intake ensures they operate optimally.
Hydration is equally important, especially if symptoms like fever, sweating, or diarrhea are present, which can lead to fluid and electrolyte loss. Aim for about 3 liters of fluid per day, ensuring urine is light yellow. Water, clear broths, and electrolyte-rich drinks like oral rehydration solutions are good choices to replace lost fluids and help thin respiratory secretions.
Nutrient-dense foods that are generally easy to digest include:
Lean proteins like chicken, fish, eggs, and nuts, which provide essential amino acids for muscle maintenance and immune cell building.
Fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins C, D, and A (e.g., oranges, salmon, sweet potatoes) support various aspects of immune health.
Whole grains, such as oatmeal, bread, or rice, offer sustained energy and fiber.
Chicken soup, a traditional remedy, combines fluids, protein, and other nutrients in an easy-to-digest format.
Dietary Considerations for Recovery
During COVID-19 recovery, certain dietary adjustments can help manage symptoms and promote healing. Avoid highly processed foods, those high in saturated fats, sugary drinks, and excessive sodium, as they can contribute to inflammation and hinder recovery. Alcohol should also be avoided, as it can irritate the stomach lining, cause indigestion, and contribute to dehydration.
Loss of appetite or changes in taste and smell are common symptoms that can make eating challenging. To manage these issues, consider:
Eating small, frequent meals throughout the day.
Experimenting with strong flavors like mint, ginger, garlic, or onion.
Consuming cold foods such as smoothies, yogurt, or protein shakes if warm foods are unappealing.
Using plastic utensils and marinating meats in acidic dressings for a metallic taste.
Knowing When to Seek Medical Help
While proper nutrition and hydration support COVID-19 recovery, they are complementary to, not a substitute for, professional medical care. Monitor symptoms and know when to seek medical attention.
Seek immediate medical help for warning signs such as trouble breathing, persistent chest pain or pressure, new confusion, or inability to wake or stay awake. Pale, gray, or blue-colored skin, lips, or nail beds are also critical indicators. If any severe symptoms appear, contact emergency services or a healthcare provider promptly.