Monstera plants, particularly the popular Monstera deliciosa, are admired for their large, dramatic foliage. As these plants mature, they develop thick, rope-like structures emerging from the stem above the soil line, known as aerial roots. These roots are a natural part of the plant’s growth, often prompting curiosity from new owners about how they should be managed. Understanding their purpose is the first step in deciding how to manage them in a home environment.
The Function of Monstera Aerial Roots
Monstera species are classified as hemi-epiphytes, meaning they spend part of their life cycle rooted in the ground and part growing on other structures, such as trees, in their native tropical habitats. Aerial roots are an adaptation that allows the plant to thrive in this climbing growth habit. Their primary function is to provide physical support and anchorage. As the plant climbs, the aerial roots attach to the host surface, securing the heavy stem and allowing the plant to reach higher for sunlight.
These specialized roots also absorb moisture and nutrients. They are designed to take up water vapor from the humid air and nutrients from organic debris accumulating on the host tree’s surface. In a home setting, where humidity is often lower, this function is less pronounced. The presence of aerial roots is a healthy sign that the plant is following its natural growth instincts.
Should You Bury Monstera Aerial Roots?
Generally, you should not bury Monstera aerial roots in standard potting mix. These roots are structurally different from subterranean roots and are adapted for exposure to air. When continuously submerged in wet, dense soil, an aerial root increases the risk of fungal issues or root rot because it lacks necessary aeration. The plant’s regular soil roots are equipped to handle the potting medium’s moisture content, but the aerial roots are not.
However, directing them into a medium can be beneficial, particularly during propagation or when providing targeted support. When taking a stem cutting that includes an aerial root, planting it into a quick-draining, chunky aroid mix encourages the development of true soil-feeding roots. In a mature plant, you can carefully guide the tip of a long aerial root into the top layer of the existing pot’s soil. If the root penetrates the soil, it will often branch out and function more like a traditional root, providing extra stability and nutrient uptake.
Practical Ways to Manage Exposed Roots
If you choose not to bury the aerial roots, several management techniques exist to satisfy their natural functions. The most effective approach is to direct the roots toward a moss pole or a wooden stake. This mimics the plant’s natural climbing environment, allowing the roots to latch on and provide vertical support. Securing the roots gently to the pole encourages them to grip the structure over time.
Trimming for Aesthetics
It is acceptable to prune aerial roots if they become unruly or unsightly. Trimming a few roots will not harm the overall health of a mature, healthy plant. Use clean, sharp shears to make a swift cut close to the stem. Avoid cutting a large number of roots at once, as this can cause unnecessary stress to the plant.
Increasing Humidity
You can satisfy the moisture-seeking function of the aerial roots without burying them in soil. Misting the exposed roots with water, or placing a humidifier or water-filled tray near the plant, increases the ambient humidity. This allows the aerial roots to absorb atmospheric moisture naturally, supporting the plant’s hydration and mimicking tropical conditions.