Intravitreal injections are a common, quick, and highly effective outpatient procedure used to deliver medication directly into the eye. These treatments are routinely administered for serious retinal conditions like Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular edema. Proper aftercare is important for ensuring the safety of the eye and the full effectiveness of the medication. Understanding the necessary precautions and normal sensations assists greatly in the recovery process.
Activity Restrictions Immediately Following the Injection
The first 24 to 48 hours following the procedure are the most important period for minimizing the risk of infection and complications. Avoid touching or rubbing the injected eye, as the surface may be slightly numb and susceptible to abrasion. The small opening created by the micro-needle heals rapidly, but introducing contaminants poses a risk.
Patients should avoid any strenuous activity that could cause a sudden spike in intraocular pressure (IOP), including heavy lifting and bending over below the waist. Avoiding dusty, dirty, or smoky environments is also advised to prevent foreign particles from entering the eye. If the doctor applies a temporary eye shield, wear it for the recommended duration to guard against accidental rubbing. While complete rest is not strictly required, reduced physical activity supports the initial healing process.
Expected Sensations During Recovery
It is normal to experience mild and temporary sensations as the anesthetic wears off. Patients often report a mild ache or discomfort, described as a gritty or scratchy feeling, which is frequently a reaction to the antiseptic solution used before the injection.
The white of the eye may show a small, temporary red spot (subconjunctival hemorrhage) at the injection site, which is a harmless surface bleed that usually resolves within a week or two. You may also notice temporary black specks, bubbles, or shadows in your vision for one to two days. These are typically small air bubbles or medication that will naturally dissipate as the fluid moves.
To manage mild discomfort, over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen are recommended. Using lubricating or artificial tear drops, if approved by your physician, can also help alleviate the gritty feeling. These minor symptoms typically improve significantly within 24 hours.
Resuming Daily Activities and Routines
Most normal daily activities can be resumed relatively quickly. Many patients return to desk work or light activity the day following the procedure. Using screens, reading, and watching television does not negatively affect the healing process.
Driving should be avoided for at least 24 hours, especially if the pupil was dilated or vision is temporarily blurry due to light sensitivity. Eye hygiene requires careful attention to avoid contamination and infection during the first few days. Avoid getting water directly into the eye for 24 to 48 hours, which means carefully washing your face and hair.
Contact lenses should not be worn until the day after the procedure to allow the injection site to seal completely. Activities involving water with a high risk of bacterial contamination must be postponed for a longer period.
Hygiene and Water Restrictions
To prevent infection, several activities must be avoided for a minimum duration:
- Swimming in pools, hot tubs, or natural bodies of water should be avoided for three to seven days.
- Eye makeup, which can harbor bacteria, should not be applied for at least 48 to 72 hours.
Critical Symptoms Requiring Immediate Care
While complications are rare, be aware of signs that require immediate medical attention. Any symptom that is severe, sudden, or progressively worsens warrants contacting your eye doctor immediately. This is necessary to distinguish a normal healing process from a potential complication like endophthalmitis, a serious eye infection.
Signs of Complication
Severe or increasing eye pain not relieved by over-the-counter medication is a cause for concern. A sudden, significant decrease in vision or the sensation of a curtain coming across your sight could indicate a serious issue like a retinal detachment. Increasing redness, swelling, or the appearance of a yellow or green discharge also suggests a possible infection. Any new onset of flashing lights or a shower of new, persistent floaters should be reported to your doctor without delay.