Resveratrol, a natural compound found in various plants, is gaining attention for its potential benefits beyond general health, particularly in hair growth. This polyphenol is recognized for its antioxidant properties. Interest in resveratrol stems from observations suggesting it might contribute to a healthier scalp environment and support hair follicle function.
How Resveratrol Supports Hair Health
Resveratrol contributes to hair health through several biological mechanisms. It acts as a powerful antioxidant, helping to neutralize free radicals that can cause oxidative stress and damage hair follicles, potentially leading to premature aging of hair cells. This protective action helps maintain the integrity of hair follicle cells.
The compound also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, which can reduce scalp inflammation. Chronic inflammation is a known factor in hair thinning and can disrupt the hair growth cycle. By mitigating inflammation, resveratrol may foster a more favorable environment for hair follicles to thrive. Furthermore, resveratrol is thought to improve blood circulation to the scalp, which ensures that hair follicles receive adequate oxygen and nutrients for optimal growth. This improved circulation can also help to suppress hormones that may inhibit blood flow to the hair follicle.
Resveratrol influences hair follicle cycling by promoting the transition from the resting (telogen) phase to the active growth (anagen) phase. Studies indicate it can stimulate the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs), which are important in regulating hair growth cycles. It may also activate sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a protein linked to DNA repair and the upregulation of antioxidant genes.
Forms and Application for Hair
Resveratrol can be incorporated into hair care routines through various forms. Topical applications are common, with resveratrol formulated into shampoos, serums, and scalp treatments. These products are designed for direct application to the scalp, targeting hair follicles and the surrounding skin.
Oral supplements represent another method of consumption, where resveratrol is absorbed systemically. While topical application offers localized benefits, oral supplementation provides general antioxidant support throughout the body, including potential benefits for hair and skin.
Natural dietary sources of resveratrol include red grapes, blueberries, cranberries, and peanuts. However, for specific hair benefits, concentrated forms found in supplements or specialized hair products are used due to their higher concentrations. Some products may also combine resveratrol with other ingredients like green tea extract to enhance overall effects.
Scientific Insights and Usage Considerations
Current scientific understanding of resveratrol’s effects on hair growth is promising but still developing. Research has primarily involved in vitro studies using human hair follicles and dermal papilla cells, as well as animal studies, particularly with mice. For instance, topical application of resveratrol on shaved mice significantly promoted hair growth and accelerated the shift from the telogen (resting) phase to the anagen (growth) phase.
Human clinical trials, while limited, have shown encouraging results. One randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 60 subjects over 12 weeks reported a reduction in hair shedding by 61.47% and a decrease in hair fall from combing by 68.19% with a resveratrol-containing hair serum. This study also noted a significant increase in the anagen-to-telogen hair ratio, suggesting enhanced hair growth.
Regarding dosage, common guidelines for oral resveratrol supplementation, when used for general health benefits, suggest a range of 200-300 mg per day. However, specific optimal concentrations for topical hair applications are being established, though a 0.02% resveratrol concentration showed non-cytotoxic effects on human dermal papilla cells in one in vitro study.
While resveratrol is generally considered safe at doses found naturally in foods, potential side effects and interactions exist, especially with higher doses or oral supplementation. High doses may lead to effects like a high fever or decreased blood pressure.
Resveratrol may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners such as warfarin, aspirin, or ibuprofen, increasing the risk of excessive bleeding. It can also interact with hormone therapies, certain cancer treatments, and some antidepressants. Individuals with bleeding disorders or allergies to grapes or wine should exercise caution. Consult a healthcare professional or dermatologist before starting any new treatment involving resveratrol, especially for those with existing health conditions or who are taking other medications.