Philodendron and Monstera plants are popular indoor choices, celebrated for their lush, tropical foliage. Despite similar aesthetics, these two genera have distinct care requirements. This guide compares their specific needs, offering insights to cultivate them successfully indoors.
Light Requirements
Both Philodendrons and Monsteras prefer bright, indirect light. An east or north-facing window with filtered sunlight is ideal. Direct sun can scorch leaves, causing discoloration or spots. Philodendrons, especially vining varieties, tolerate slightly lower light than Monsteras, making them adaptable to a broader range of indoor settings.
Monsteras, particularly Monstera deliciosa, need consistently bright, indirect light to develop their characteristic leaf fenestrations (splits). Without sufficient light, their leaves may remain solid. While some varieties can acclimate to a few hours of direct sun, protect them from intense afternoon sun. Insufficient light for either plant results in leggy growth and smaller leaves.
Watering and Humidity
Both Philodendrons and Monsteras prefer their soil to dry out between waterings to prevent root rot. Water thoroughly when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry. Overwatering causes yellowing leaves and root rot. Philodendrons may tolerate drying out slightly more than Monsteras, though consistent moisture is still beneficial.
Both tropical plants thrive in humidity above 50%. Monsteras show more pronounced signs of low humidity, like crispy leaf edges or browning tips, than many Philodendrons. To increase humidity, use a humidifier, group plants, or use pebble trays. Proper drainage is important for both, as they do not tolerate sitting in stagnant water.
Soil and Fertilization
Both Philodendrons and Monsteras require a well-draining, airy potting mix that balances aeration with moisture retention. A chunky aroid mix is recommended, typically including coco coir, perlite or pumice, and orchid bark. Monsteras often benefit from a chunkier mix with more bark due to their larger root systems, which appreciate added air circulation.
During their active growing season (spring and summer), both plants benefit from regular fertilization. A balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength is suitable. Philodendrons may need monthly feeding, showing signs of struggle without it. Monsteras can be fertilized less frequently, perhaps every few weeks or once a season. Over-fertilization can cause root burn, so follow dilution guidelines.
Growth Habits and Support
Philodendrons exhibit diverse growth habits: vining, upright, and self-heading forms. Vining types, like heartleaf philodendron, produce long stems that trail or climb with support. Upright varieties grow compactly, while self-heading types form a central stem. Vining forms benefit from stakes or trellises to encourage larger leaves.
Monsteras are natural climbers, using aerial roots to attach to surfaces. As they mature, a moss pole or trellis encourages vertical growth and larger, fenestrated leaves. Their aerial roots also absorb moisture and nutrients, providing stability. Without adequate support, Monsteras may sprawl, and leaves might not reach full size or develop characteristic splits.
Pest Management and Common Issues
Both Philodendrons and Monsteras are susceptible to common houseplant pests: spider mites, mealybugs, and thrips. Spider mites cause tiny specks and webbing, often in dry conditions. Mealybugs appear as white, cotton-like masses on stems and leaf axils. Thrips are small insects that cause silvering or leaf distortion. Regular inspection, especially of undersides, aids early detection.
Many common issues for both plants stem from environmental factors. Yellowing leaves indicate overwatering or insufficient light. Brown leaf tips or crispy edges point to low humidity. Stunted growth signals a need for more light, nutrients, or a larger pot. Gentle pest removal, like wiping leaves or using insecticidal soap, is effective for minor infestations, and proper watering, humidity, and light prevent many problems.
Choosing Your Plant
When choosing between a Philodendron and a Monstera, consider your living space, available light, and care commitment. Monsteras demand consistent bright, indirect light for their iconic fenestrated leaves. They can grow large, requiring ample space and structural support. Their need for consistent humidity and climbing support makes them a more involved choice.
Many Philodendron varieties, especially vining types, are more forgiving of varied light and adaptable to smaller spaces, trailing or climbing modest supports. They often require less frequent fertilization and tolerate slightly lower humidity than Monsteras. Philodendrons are a good starting point for new gardeners or those seeking adaptability. Monsteras offer a bold presence for those ready to provide specific care.