Philodendron hastatum and its cultivar Philodendron hastatum ‘Silver Sword’ are popular houseplants, often admired for their distinctive foliage. While both plants share the same species lineage, they possess unique characteristics that differentiate them. This article aims to clarify the distinctions between these two philodendrons, helping individuals accurately identify their plants and understand their specific care requirements.
Identifying Each Plant
The most apparent differences between Philodendron hastatum and Philodendron hastatum ‘Silver Sword’ lie in their leaf characteristics. Philodendron hastatum, often referred to as the ‘Grey’ philodendron, typically displays leaves that are elongated and somewhat arrowhead-shaped. These leaves possess a firm, leathery texture.
In contrast, the Philodendron hastatum ‘Silver Sword’ features a more pronounced, narrower, and distinctly sword-like leaf shape. Its leaves also have a substantial texture. The ‘Silver Sword’ cultivar earns its name from the striking silvery, almost metallic sheen that covers its foliage, which becomes particularly evident when light interacts with the leaf surface.
The color of the ‘Grey’ philodendron’s leaves is generally a muted grey-green or a subtle bluish-grey. This coloration offers a sophisticated, understated appearance. The ‘Silver Sword’, however, stands out with its vibrant silver tones, which can appear almost iridescent in certain lighting conditions.
Both plants exhibit a vining growth habit, extending their stems as they mature. The petioles, or leaf stalks, of both varieties are generally sturdy and green.
Care Considerations
Caring for both Philodendron hastatum and Philodendron hastatum ‘Silver Sword’ involves similar approaches due to their shared tropical origins. Both plants thrive in bright, indirect light conditions. Placing them near an east or north-facing window, or a shaded south or west-facing window, typically provides adequate illumination without exposing them to harsh direct sunlight, which can scorch their leaves.
Proper watering is crucial for the health of these philodendrons. It is best to allow the top few inches of soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensuring the pot has drainage holes is important to prevent water from accumulating at the bottom. A finger test can help determine the soil moisture level before rewatering.
A well-draining, airy potting mix is ideal for both varieties. A blend that includes components like perlite, orchid bark, and peat moss or coco coir promotes good aeration and prevents compaction. This type of substrate allows roots to breathe and reduces the risk of waterlogging.
These philodendrons prefer consistent humidity and warm temperatures, mirroring their native environments. Maintaining indoor humidity levels above 50% generally benefits their foliage. Temperatures between 65°F and 80°F (18°C-27°C) are typically suitable for their growth. During the active growing season, from spring through early fall, a balanced liquid fertilizer can be applied every two to four weeks to support healthy development.
Growth Over Time
As both Philodendron hastatum and Philodendron hastatum ‘Silver Sword’ mature, their appearance can evolve, influencing their overall aesthetic. Juvenile leaves of both plants often start smaller and may not exhibit the full characteristic shape or color intensity seen in mature foliage. Over time, the leaves will gradually increase in size, reflecting the plant’s developing root system and overall vigor.
For the ‘Grey’ philodendron, the arrowhead shape becomes more defined and elongated as the plant ages. The grey-green or bluish-grey hue tends to deepen, providing a richer, more pronounced color. The ‘Silver Sword’ also experiences an increase in leaf size, and its distinctive metallic sheen often becomes even more prominent and reflective with maturity.
Both varieties are natural climbers and benefit from vertical support as they grow. Providing a moss pole, trellis, or other climbing structure encourages larger leaf development and a more robust growth habit. This support mimics their natural tendency to climb trees in their native habitats, allowing their aerial roots to attach. Without support, they tend to sprawl, leading to smaller leaves and less vigorous growth.
Making Your Choice
Deciding between Philodendron hastatum and Philodendron hastatum ‘Silver Sword’ often comes down to personal aesthetic preference and the specific visual impact desired in a space. The ‘Grey’ philodendron offers a more understated elegance with its muted, sophisticated grey-green foliage. Its classic arrowhead shape and subtle coloring make it a versatile addition to various interior designs.
Conversely, the ‘Silver Sword’ cultivar ensures it stands out, creating a focal point in any plant collection with its unique silvery, metallic sheen. Both plants are rewarding to cultivate, offering lush foliage and relatively straightforward care, making them suitable for both novice and experienced plant enthusiasts.