Discover what defines a nonspontaneous reaction—a process that requires continuous external energy to occur—and how they are utilized in nature and technology.
Decode the secrets of indicator weeds. Learn how their presence diagnoses issues with soil compaction, pH extremes, and specific nutrient deficiencies.
Understand the full chemical process of ozone depletion, from atmospheric transport of ODS to the radical catalytic destruction cycle accelerated by polar conditions.
Understand the source materials—bioplastics and fibers—and the key distinction between biodegradable and compostable disposal requirements for straws.