Biology Insights

Learn how pathologists diagnose disease by examining digital tissue samples, a practice that expands access to specialists and ensures reliable, regulated results.

Explore the physiological link between an underactive thyroid and mood. Understand how hormone levels can cause depressive symptoms and why diagnosis is crucial.

This guide explains how metastatic inflammatory breast cancer is identified and managed, focusing on systemic therapies and improving quality of life.

Learn how the cornea's dome shape is essential for clear sight and how the progressive structural changes of keratoconus disrupt the eye's ability to focus light.

Chorioretinal folds are a sign of stress on the eye's back layers. Understanding them involves identifying the root cause to determine the correct approach.

Gout's impact goes beyond joint pain. Learn how inflammation and other physiological factors can create a complex link between the condition and mental health.

Glaucoma's true impact extends beyond the eye. Learn how managing this condition is crucial for preserving vision and maintaining your overall safety and independence.

Learn how the parasitic infection Chagas disease can manifest in the eyes, from initial, localized swelling to later inflammatory conditions caused by the immune response.

When medications cause symptoms resembling multiple sclerosis, a careful evaluation can reveal key differences in presentation, diagnosis, and long-term outlook.

Learn the medical and legal framework that distinguishes a loss of higher consciousness from the irreversible cessation of all brain function.

Learn how a protein vital for neuron health can change, forming tangled filaments that impair cellular transport and contribute to neurodegenerative conditions.

Antibiotic selection considers both the infection and potential side effects. Understand the factors influencing ear health and the many safe treatment options.

Understand the key electrical changes and ECG patterns used to identify left ventricular hypertrophy and learn why it's a first step in diagnosis.

An aVR STEMI is a distinct cardiac diagnosis that signals a critical disruption to the heart's main blood supply, indicating a high-risk event.

Learn the distinctions between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, based on whether the primary disturbance involves mood or thought, and how this guides care.

Discover how disruptions in the brain's cellular communication pathways, known as synaptopathies, underlie a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

An overview of Neurofibromatosis Type II, a genetic disorder defined by a mutation causing nervous system tumors that primarily impact hearing and balance.