A toenail growing sideways, often referred to as an ingrown toenail, occurs when the edge of the nail penetrates the surrounding skin. This common condition typically affects the big toe, leading to pain, redness, and swelling. Addressing a sideways growing toenail involves understanding its causes, implementing self-care measures, and knowing when professional medical intervention is necessary.
Understanding Sideways Toenail Growth
A toenail growing sideways means the nail plate, particularly along its edge, curves and digs into the skin folds of the toe. This can result in localized pain, inflammation, and discomfort, especially under pressure. The affected area often appears red and swollen.
Several factors contribute to toenails growing sideways:
Ill-fitting footwear: Tight, narrow, or loose shoes exert pressure, forcing improper nail growth.
Improper nail trimming: Cutting too short, rounding edges, or tearing nails often leads to this.
Repetitive trauma: Sports or similar activities can injure the toenail, causing uneven growth.
Genetic predisposition: Inherited nail shapes, like curved or thick nails, are more prone to inward growth.
Fungal infections (onychomycosis): These can thicken, discolor, and distort nail growth patterns.
Underlying medical conditions: Diabetes or poor circulation can worsen the issue by impairing foot health.
Self-Care and Prevention
Proper nail trimming is key for managing and preventing sideways toenail growth. Always cut toenails straight across, avoiding cutting them too short or rounding corners. Leaving a small white edge beyond the skin prevents the nail from digging into the skin.
Wearing properly fitting footwear is also important for prevention. Choose shoes with a wide toe box that allows toes to move freely without compression. Breathable materials like mesh or leather help maintain a dry environment, reducing fungal growth risk.
Maintaining good foot hygiene, including keeping feet clean and thoroughly dry, helps prevent infections contributing to nail problems.
For mild cases, soaking the affected foot in warm, soapy water for 10 to 20 minutes softens the nail and reduces discomfort. After soaking, gently lifting the nail edge and placing a small piece of cotton or dental floss underneath encourages the nail to grow above the skin. Change this material daily to keep the area clean and promote proper nail growth.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seek medical attention if self-care measures do not improve the condition or if specific warning signs appear. These signs include persistent pain, increased redness, swelling, or warmth around the toe. Pus or drainage from the affected area, or signs of a spreading infection like red streaks, also warrant immediate professional evaluation. A fever or general unwellness with a painful toenail indicates a more serious systemic infection.
Individuals with underlying health conditions, such as diabetes, nerve damage, or poor blood circulation, should consult a healthcare provider promptly for any foot issues, as they are more susceptible to severe complications. A doctor, often a podiatrist, can accurately diagnose the issue and provide appropriate treatment. Medical interventions may include professional trimming or lifting of the nail, antibiotics for infection, or, in severe or recurring cases, minor surgical removal of part or all of the nail.