Phlegm is a type of mucus produced by the respiratory system, specifically the lungs and throat. It is a thick, sticky secretion that contains water, glycoproteins, immunoglobulins, lipids, and other substances. While normal mucus is clear and protects airways by trapping particles, an increased amount or change in color of phlegm often signals an underlying health condition.
Common Causes of Orange Phlegm
Orange phlegm often indicates the presence of old blood, which can appear brown or orange as it dries. This can occur due to minor irritations from allergies, a common cold, or frequent nose blowing. The color can also arise if small blood vessels in the nasal passages become irritated or rupture.
Beyond minor irritations, certain infections can lead to orange phlegm. Pneumonia, a lung infection, may cause mucus to turn orange as air sacs in the lungs fill with fluid, sometimes tinged with blood. Sinus infections, which inflame the sinuses, can also cause mucus to become thick and turn orange due to blood mixing with mucus. Bronchitis, an infection of the main airways, can also result in phlegm that is clear, white, yellow, or green, and sometimes may contain flecks of red or brown from blood.
Fungal infections, though less common, can also lead to discolored phlegm, including shades of orange or brown. External factors can temporarily alter phlegm color. Inhaling substances like dirt, certain cooking spices, or tobacco can cause brown or orange discoloration. Certain foods and beverages with strong pigments, such as tomato products or colored sodas, can also temporarily stain mucus orange.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While orange phlegm can sometimes be harmless, certain accompanying symptoms warrant prompt medical evaluation. Seek medical attention if orange phlegm is accompanied by a high fever, shortness of breath, or severe chest pain. These symptoms can indicate a more serious underlying condition.
A persistent cough, especially if it lasts more than a few days or worsens over a week, should also prompt a doctor’s visit. If you experience dizziness, light-headedness, unexplained weight loss, or if the orange phlegm persists for an extended period, consult a healthcare provider. Self-diagnosis is not recommended, as professional medical advice is needed for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
General Care and Prevention
Maintaining respiratory health involves several supportive measures that can help alleviate symptoms and prevent issues. Staying adequately hydrated is beneficial, as proper fluid intake helps keep the mucus lining in the lungs thin, making it easier to clear out irritants and pathogens. Aiming for about 6-8 cups of water daily can support this process.
Using a humidifier can also be helpful by adding moisture to the air. This can soothe irritated airways and make breathing more comfortable, helping to loosen thick mucus. However, it is important to maintain humidity levels between 30% and 50% to prevent mold growth, which can worsen respiratory problems. Avoiding irritants like smoke, pollutants, and allergens also helps reduce the burden on your respiratory system.