Molly, chemically known as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), is a synthetic psychoactive drug often used recreationally. It is known for increasing feelings of energy, happiness, and empathy, but also has several specific effects on the body, particularly impacting oral health.
Common Oral Side Effects
One of the most frequent oral side effects associated with Molly use is dry mouth. This condition results from reduced saliva production, which can lead to an excess of plaque and increase the risk of gum and tooth decay over time. Nearly all users report experiencing dry mouth.
Another common side effect is teeth grinding (bruxism) and jaw clenching. These involuntary muscle actions can cause significant wear on teeth, potentially leading to enamel erosion, increased tooth sensitivity, and even premature tooth loss. Many users report bruxism, which can sometimes persist for up to 24 hours after the drug’s effects wear off. Prolonged jaw clenching can also result in jaw soreness, tenderness of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and a decreased ability to open the mouth, known as “lockjaw.”
Oral sores or lesions can also develop. These may appear as mouth ulcers or tissue necrosis, particularly if the drug is held directly against the oral mucosa. Additionally, excessive toothbrushing during the drug’s effects can lead to gingival lacerations and cervical abrasions.
Why These Effects Occur
Molly’s impact on oral health stems from its interaction with neurotransmitters in the brain, increasing the activity of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. A significant release of serotonin, a chemical messenger involved in mood, sleep, and pain regulation, along with dopamine and noradrenaline, can lead to increased muscle tension and activity, particularly in the jaw, contributing to bruxism and jaw clenching.
The stimulant properties of MDMA heighten various reflexes, including the natural instinct to clench the jaw, which protects the soft tissues of the mouth. The depletion of dopamine, which occurs as a result of serotonin release, can reduce self-control over these reflexes. The drug’s influence on alpha-adrenergic receptors can also inhibit the jaw-opening reflex, making clenching more pronounced.
Dry mouth results from MDMA’s sympathomimetic actions, which reduce salivary secretion. This effect is also compounded by dehydration, often exacerbated by increased physical activity. Reduced saliva flow, combined with the potential consumption of acidic or sugary drinks to combat thirst, further elevates the risk of dental erosion and tooth decay.
Preventing and Mitigating Oral Damage
Staying well-hydrated is important to reduce oral damage from Molly use. Consuming water throughout the experience helps to counteract dry mouth and subsequent dehydration. However, avoid overconsuming water without replenishing electrolytes, as this can lead to hyponatremia.
Chewing sugar-free gum can help stimulate saliva production, which lubricates the mouth and helps neutralize acids. Some users also find that sucking on lollipops or pacifiers can help manage jaw clenching and reduce teeth grinding. Using a mouthguard can provide a physical barrier to protect teeth from the forces of grinding.
Practicing good oral hygiene both before and after use is also beneficial. This includes brushing teeth and flossing regularly. Using fluoride mouthwash or topical fluoride products can help protect tooth enamel from erosion and reduce the risk of cavities. Monitoring dosage is also relevant, as higher doses or repeated doses may increase the likelihood and severity of side effects like bruxism.