Knee replacement surgery is a common procedure that can significantly improve mobility and quality of life. Following this surgery, it is common to experience swelling, or edema, around the knee and in the lower leg. Lymphatic massage is a specialized technique that may offer support during post-operative recovery by addressing this swelling.
Understanding Post-Surgical Swelling
Swelling is a natural response to trauma, and knee replacement surgery involves tissue disruption. The surgical process can irritate tissues, causing fluid accumulation in the affected area. This is a natural part of healing, as the body sends fluid to the surgical site for repair.
The lymphatic system, a network of vessels and nodes, drains excess fluid, waste, and proteins from tissues back into the bloodstream. However, surgery can temporarily disrupt lymphatic pathways and vessels, especially near joints. This disruption impedes the lymphatic system’s ability to efficiently remove fluid, causing noticeable swelling. Studies have shown knee swelling can increase by approximately 35% from preoperative levels one day after total knee arthroplasty. Even 90 days post-operation, swelling may remain around 11% above pre-surgical levels.
Benefits of Lymphatic Massage for Recovery
Lymphatic massage, or manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), offers several advantages during knee replacement recovery. A primary benefit is the reduction of swelling, which is often uncomfortable and can limit movement. By gently moving excess lymph fluid away from the surgical site, MLD helps alleviate pressure on surrounding tissues.
Reducing this fluid accumulation also contributes to pain relief, as less pressure is exerted on nerves and tissues around the knee. This decrease in swelling can improve joint mobility and make physical therapy exercises easier. Lymphatic massage also aids in preventing excessive scar tissue formation by promoting fluid and toxin drainage, which helps maintain joint flexibility. Improved lymphatic circulation also supports nutrient and oxygen delivery to healing tissues, potentially accelerating recovery.
The Lymphatic Massage Procedure
A lymphatic massage session involves gentle, rhythmic techniques that differ from deep tissue massage. The movements are light, involving soft manipulation of lymph under the skin. The aim is to stimulate lymphatic vessel contractions, encouraging lymph fluid flow.
Certified lymphatic drainage therapists perform these sessions. The therapist often begins by focusing on areas further from the surgical site, gradually moving closer to the knee. Manual lymphatic drainage is generally recommended once the surgical incision is closed and the surgeon provides approval, typically a few days to several weeks post-surgery. A session typically lasts 30 to 60 minutes.
Important Considerations
Before considering lymphatic massage after knee replacement, consult with your surgeon or physical therapist. Their guidance is important to ensure the therapy is appropriate for your recovery stage and overall health. A written recommendation from your doctor is often suggested before starting therapy.
Certain medical conditions serve as contraindications where lymphatic massage should be avoided. These include acute infections, such as cellulitis, as stimulating the lymphatic system could spread pathogens. Active deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or blood clots are also contraindications, as increased circulation could dislodge a clot. Uncontrolled congestive heart failure or major heart problems may prevent safe lymphatic massage, as it could overwhelm a compromised heart. Always seek a qualified and certified lymphatic drainage therapist for safe and effective treatment.