Experiencing a low-grade fever during pregnancy can be a common occurrence that often prompts concern. Understanding the nature of these fevers and appropriate actions can help manage this experience. This information aims to provide clarity on low-grade fevers during pregnancy and guide individuals on when to seek professional medical advice.
Understanding Low-Grade Fever in Pregnancy
Normal body temperature typically hovers around 98.6°F (37°C), though it can fluctuate. In pregnancy, a low-grade fever is defined as a temperature between 99.5°F (37.5°C) and 100.3°F (37.9°C) when measured orally. A temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher is considered a fever.
Pregnant individuals may naturally experience a slight increase in their baseline body temperature due to physiological changes. Hormonal shifts, particularly increased progesterone levels, can contribute to this subtle elevation. The body’s increased blood volume and faster metabolism, necessary to support the growing fetus, also generate more heat, leading to a warmer sensation. These minor temperature increases are typically normal and do not indicate a health concern.
Common Causes During Pregnancy
Several factors can lead to a low-grade fever during pregnancy, many of which are not serious. Hormonal fluctuations, mild dehydration, and natural immune system changes can contribute. These changes can make individuals more susceptible to common infections.
Common viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza, are frequent culprits behind low-grade fevers. Upper respiratory infections, often presenting with symptoms like a cough and nasal discharge, can also cause a low-grade fever. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are another common bacterial infection during pregnancy, with symptoms that can include pain during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and sometimes a fever. Hormonal changes and the growing uterus placing pressure on the bladder increase the risk of UTIs in pregnant individuals.
When to Contact a Healthcare Provider
While a low-grade fever can be common, certain signs and symptoms warrant prompt contact with a healthcare provider. Seek medical advice if a low-grade fever persists for more than 24 to 48 hours, or if the temperature rises above 100.4°F (38°C).
Other concerning symptoms that, when accompanied by a fever, necessitate contacting a doctor include severe chills, body aches, or a persistent headache. The appearance of a rash, shortness of breath, or chest pain are also signals for medical evaluation. Abdominal pain, contractions, or any vaginal bleeding should be reported without delay. Pain or burning during urination can indicate a urinary tract infection that requires treatment. A decrease in fetal movement is a particularly important symptom that requires immediate medical assessment, as it can be associated with adverse outcomes.
Safe Management at Home
Managing a mild low-grade fever at home involves supportive measures that promote comfort and recovery, ideally after consulting with a healthcare provider. Rest allows the body to conserve energy and heal. Maintaining adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids like water, clear broths, and herbal teas helps prevent dehydration.
Wearing light clothing and taking lukewarm baths or sponge baths can help lower body temperature and provide relief. Cold water should be avoided for baths, as it can cause shivering and potentially increase body temperature. Acetaminophen is widely considered the safest over-the-counter medication for fever reduction during pregnancy when used at recommended dosages. However, it is important to avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen, as well as aspirin, unless specifically instructed by a doctor, due to potential risks in pregnancy. Always confirm medication use with a healthcare provider.