Lovage (Levisticum officinale) is a perennial herb with a celery-like aroma and flavor. This large plant can reach heights of 3 to 6 feet with a spread of 2 to 3 feet. Its leaves, hollow stems, and aromatic seeds are used culinarily. Lovage produces flower clusters that attract beneficial insects.
Why Companion Plant with Lovage
Companion planting involves strategically placing different plant species together to promote a healthier garden ecosystem. This technique offers several advantages for lovage and its neighbors, leading to improved growth and enhanced pest resistance.
Lovage’s fragrance deters garden pests, and suitable companions can amplify this pest control. Some companion plants attract beneficial insects, such as ladybugs or predatory wasps, which control pest populations like aphids and tomato hornworms. Companion planting also improves soil health by fixing nitrogen or enhancing nutrient availability, fostering a balanced growing environment.
Beneficial Companions for Lovage
Lovage benefits many garden plants due to its growth habit and ability to attract beneficial insects. Its tall stature and deep root system allow it to coexist effectively with various crops, often enhancing their vigor and flavor. Pairing lovage with plants that have different growth habits minimizes competition for resources.
Brassicas, including cabbage, kale, and broccoli, thrive when planted near lovage. Its strong scent deters common Brassica pests like cabbage moths and aphids, and its tall foliage may offer shade to tender Brassica plants during hot periods.
Root vegetables such as carrots and potatoes also make good companions. Lovage’s deep roots do not compete with their shallow or tuberous growth, allowing both plants to access different soil layers. It can also improve potato growth and deter Colorado potato beetles.
Tomatoes are excellent companions; lovage deters tomato hornworms by attracting parasitic wasps. Legumes like peas and beans are beneficial partners because they fix nitrogen in the soil, enriching it and providing a nutrient boost for lovage. Other herbs such as parsley and chives also complement lovage, sharing similar growing conditions without competing for root space; chives can further repel aphids. Lovage also attracts beneficial ground beetles.
Plants to Keep Away from Lovage
While lovage is generally a good garden neighbor, some plants are not suitable companions and can hinder its growth or health. Incompatibilities arise from competition for resources, allelopathic effects, or shared pest vulnerabilities. Avoiding these pairings ensures optimal development.
Keep fennel separate from lovage. Fennel releases allelopathic chemicals that inhibit the growth of many nearby plants.
Avoid celery. It competes for essential water and nutrients, potentially stunting growth. Celery can also attract pests, such as the celery leaf miner, which might target lovage. Rhubarb is also a plant to avoid near lovage.
Tips for Successful Lovage Companion Planting
For successful companion planting with lovage, several practical considerations ensure both the herb and its companions thrive. Proper spacing is important; lovage is a large plant. Provide 2 to 3 feet between plants to prevent overcrowding and competition for sunlight and air circulation.
Lovage prefers deep, fertile, moist, well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Enriching the soil with organic matter or compost before planting supports vigorous growth. It performs best in full sun to partial shade; choose a location accommodating light needs for all plants. Consistent moisture is beneficial, especially during dry spells, and can be maintained with mulching.