Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG®) is a well-researched probiotic strain. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. LGG® stands out due to its unique identifier, signifying a specific, well-studied strain. It is a prominent option for digestive and immune support, incorporated into various products.
Understanding Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is a lactic acid bacterium found in human intestines. It was first isolated from a healthy human adult by scientists Sherwood Gorbach and Barry Goldwin, hence the “GG” in its name. This strain is resilient to harsh gastrointestinal conditions like stomach acid and bile.
Its ability to survive these environments allows it to reach the intestines in a viable state. LGG also adheres strongly to intestinal walls. This adherence helps it establish itself within the gut, where it can then exert its beneficial effects.
Key Health Applications
LGG is effective in several health areas, particularly digestive health. It aids in treating or preventing rotavirus-induced diarrhea and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. Studies indicate LGG can reduce the duration of diarrhea and hospital stays for children with acute diarrhea.
Beyond diarrhea management, LGG may ease colic in babies and improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Research also suggests its effectiveness in preventing diarrhea during hospital stays, chemotherapy, or travel. The strain can help restore a balanced gut microbiome, which is often disrupted by medications, infections, or bowel conditions.
LGG also supports the immune system by interacting with immune cells in the gut. It has been shown to reduce the risk of lung infections in children attending daycare centers. This interaction helps regulate immune responses, fostering immune balance.
Research also points to LGG’s potential in allergy management and skin health. Studies assess its ability to improve symptoms related to cow’s milk protein allergy. Ongoing investigation into its connection to skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, shows some reduction in symptoms.
Mechanisms of Action
LGG works through several mechanisms within the gut. One mechanism is barrier enhancement, strengthening the gut lining. This prevents harmful substances from entering the bloodstream by improving the integrity of tight junctions in the intestinal barrier.
LGG also demonstrates antimicrobial activity by producing compounds that inhibit harmful bacteria. This helps maintain a healthy balance of microorganisms in the gut, preventing pathogen overgrowth. LGG competes with undesirable bacteria for nutrients and binding sites on the intestinal lining, further limiting their proliferation.
LGG interacts with immune cells in the gut, helping to balance immune responses. This immune modulation can reduce inflammation and support the body’s defenses. Its ability to bind to proteins on immune cells activates the immune system, contributing to its beneficial impact.
Sources and Usage Guidelines
LGG is found in specific fortified products and dietary supplements, not common fermented foods. It is often added to certain yogurts and infant formulas. For direct supplementation, LGG is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, and drops.
When using LGG supplements, follow the product’s instructions regarding dosage. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance, as exact dosages vary by product and intended use. Proper storage is important to maintain the viability of the live bacteria; this typically involves refrigeration or storage in a cool, dry place as indicated on the product label.
Safety Profile and Precautions
LGG is generally considered safe for most healthy individuals. It is a naturally occurring bacterium in the human body, primarily in the intestines. When starting supplementation, some individuals may experience mild, temporary side effects such as stomach bloating or gas.
Individuals with compromised immune systems, severe medical conditions, or critical illness should exercise caution. These groups should consult a healthcare professional before starting LGG supplementation. This helps ensure the probiotic is appropriate for their health status.