Boric acid is a chemical compound composed of boron, oxygen, and hydrogen, a white, crystalline solid or powder. It is a weak acid recognized for its mild antiseptic properties for centuries. This substance also has various industrial uses, such as in fiberglass manufacturing and as a flame retardant.
What Boric Acid Treats
Vaginal boric acid primarily treats recurrent yeast infections (vulvovaginal candidiasis) and bacterial vaginosis (BV). It is often recommended as a secondary treatment when standard antifungal medications are ineffective or for chronic infections. Boric acid works by inhibiting the growth of organisms like Candida fungi, including resistant strains.
This compound also helps restore the natural acidic balance within the vagina, which is crucial for maintaining a healthy vaginal environment. An imbalance in vaginal pH can contribute to the overgrowth of certain bacteria, leading to conditions like bacterial vaginosis. Studies suggest that boric acid, especially when used with antibiotics, can improve cure rates for BV by potentially helping to eliminate bacterial mucus.
Understanding Its Safety
When used correctly as a vaginal suppository, boric acid is generally considered safe. The typical dosage for treating vaginal yeast infections is a 600 mg suppository inserted once daily for 7 to 14 days. Common side effects are usually mild and temporary, including watery vaginal discharge, mild burning, irritation, redness, or a gritty sensation.
It is important to use only pharmaceutical-grade boric acid suppositories specifically designed for vaginal insertion. Oral ingestion of boric acid is toxic and can lead to severe health issues, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and skin rashes. Therefore, boric acid products should be kept out of reach of children and pets. Severe side effects are possible with misuse or in susceptible individuals.
Who Should Not Use It
Vaginal boric acid is not suitable for everyone. It is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential harm to the developing fetus. Due to insufficient data on its presence in breast milk, it is generally not recommended for breastfeeding individuals, especially for prolonged use, as extended use might increase infant risk.
Individuals with open wounds, sores, or ulcerations in the vaginal area should avoid using boric acid, as it can cause irritation and increase systemic absorption. Its rapid absorption through damaged skin makes it unsuitable for vaginal use with open lesions. People with kidney disease, heart disease, or a weakened immune system should also avoid using vaginal boric acid. Additionally, anyone with a known allergy or sensitivity to boric acid should not use it, as it can trigger allergic reactions such as hives or increased discomfort.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen after using vaginal boric acid, or if new or unusual symptoms develop. While mild irritation and discharge can be expected, severe discomfort, burning, or increased vaginal bleeding warrant immediate medical attention. If there is any uncertainty about the diagnosis of a vaginal infection, professional medical advice is crucial, as self-treatment may delay appropriate care for other conditions.
Individuals who are pregnant, suspect they might be pregnant, or are breastfeeding should always consult their doctor before using boric acid or any new treatment. Self-treating without a proper diagnosis can mask underlying issues or lead to complications. A healthcare provider can offer an accurate diagnosis and recommend the most appropriate and safe treatment plan.