The striking blue orchids seen in stores are not naturally occurring. While genuine blue orchids are exceedingly rare in nature, the vibrant blue orchids widely available commercially are the result of human intervention. These plants are often white orchids that have undergone a special treatment to achieve their distinct color.
The Elusive True Blue
The scarcity of naturally blue flowers, including orchids, stems from the limited presence of specific pigments. Less than 10% of all flowering plant species produce a natural blue pigment. Plants primarily rely on pigments like anthocyanins, carotenoids, and flavonoids for their coloration. While anthocyanins can produce blue hues, their expression depends on factors like pH levels within plant cells. The specific blue pigment, delphinidin, is often not naturally expressed in most orchid species. Orchids primarily achieve their color through these chemical pigments.
The Art of “Blue” Orchids
The “blue” orchids found in stores are predominantly white Phalaenopsis orchids that have been artificially colored. This process involves injecting a food-grade dye into the orchid’s flower spike or stem. As the plant draws water up its stem, the dye travels with the water, infusing the blooms with the blue color. This method is performed on white orchids because their lack of natural pigment allows the injected blue dye to show through more vibrantly.
The dyeing process transforms the orchid’s appearance for one blooming cycle. While the color is permanent for existing blooms, any new flowers that emerge will revert to the orchid’s original natural color, typically white. This intervention can cause some stress to the plant.
Caring for Your Blue Orchid
Caring for a dyed blue orchid is similar to caring for any other Phalaenopsis orchid, the type most commonly used for this process. These “moth orchids” are popular for their ease of care. They thrive in environments with ample indirect light and good humidity. Regular watering is necessary, allowing the potting medium to dry slightly between waterings.
The blue color is temporary and will not reappear in subsequent blooms. Attempting to re-dye the orchid at home is not recommended, as it can damage the plant. Amateur attempts may introduce harmful substances or improper techniques. Focus on providing consistent care to maintain the plant’s overall health and encourage future blooms, regardless of their color.
Naturally Occurring Violet and Purple Hues
While true, vibrant blue orchids are rare, some orchid species naturally exhibit shades of violet, lavender, or purple that can appear bluish. These hues are often deep and rich, creating a perception of blue without being a pure, electric blue like the dyed varieties.
Examples of orchids with naturally occurring purplish or violet tones include certain varieties of Vanda, which can be described as bluish-purple, and some Phalaenopsis species. Other species like Thelymitra crinita, known as the Blue Lady Orchid from Australia, and Aganisia cyanea from South America, are recognized for their distinct blue or bluish-purple flowers. These naturally colored orchids have a more nuanced coloration compared to artificially dyed plants.