The Crown of Thorns plant, known scientifically as Euphorbia milii, is a popular succulent recognized for its striking appearance. This plant features thick, thorny stems and vibrant, long-lasting flowers that can bloom in various colors such as red, pink, yellow, or white. It is often cultivated both indoors as a houseplant and outdoors in warmer climates, adding a unique texture and splash of color to any space.
Understanding Crown of Thorns Toxicity
The Crown of Thorns plant is toxic due to the milky white sap (latex) within its stems and leaves. This sap contains irritating chemicals, including phorbol esters. These irritants can affect human and animal health upon contact or ingestion, causing irritation upon skin contact and gastrointestinal upset if consumed.
Recognizing Symptoms of Exposure
Exposure to the Crown of Thorns sap can lead to a range of symptoms, varying based on the type and degree of contact. Skin contact with the sap commonly results in irritation, redness, itching, and a rash, sometimes leading to contact dermatitis or blistering. It may also cause intense pain, especially if it contacts open cuts.
If sap enters the eyes, symptoms can be more severe, including irritation, pain, redness, and swelling. Temporary blurred vision or blindness may also occur.
Ingestion can irritate the mouth and throat, potentially causing blistering. Digestive symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Symptoms are generally mild to moderate, but severity depends on the amount ingested and individual sensitivity.
Immediate Actions Following Exposure
Prompt action is important following sap exposure. For skin contact, thoroughly wash the affected area immediately with soap and water, or with milk or a mild soap. This removes the sap and minimizes irritation.
If sap splashes into the eyes, flush them with copious amounts of clean water for at least 15 to 20 minutes. Seek immediate medical attention afterward to assess and treat any damage. For ingestion, rinse the mouth thoroughly with water, but do not attempt to induce vomiting.
For significant exposure, especially if symptoms are severe, persistent, or a large amount was ingested, contact a doctor, emergency services, or a poison control center. The nationwide Poison Control Center hotline, 1-800-222-1222, is available 24/7 for expert advice.
Safe Handling and Placement
To prevent accidental exposure, wear protective gear when handling the Crown of Thorns plant. Always wear gloves and eye protection when pruning, repotting, or working with the plant. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling.
When pruning or cutting stems, be aware that milky sap will be released. Spraying water on the cut area can help stop the sap flow. Thoughtful plant placement within the home or garden can also minimize risks. Keep Crown of Thorns plants out of reach of young children and pets, who might touch or ingest them. The plant’s thorns also pose a physical hazard, emphasizing careful placement.