Cannabinoids are a diverse group of compounds found in the cannabis plant. As interest in these substances expands, researchers continue to uncover novel cannabinoids. One such compound, Tetrahydrocannabiphorol (THCP), has recently garnered attention for its unique properties, prompting a closer look at how it compares to its more familiar counterpart, Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
Unpacking THCP
Tetrahydrocannabiphorol (THCP) is a naturally occurring cannabinoid first isolated by Italian scientists in 2019. Though present in cannabis plants, it typically occurs in trace amounts, making its detection difficult until recent analytical advances.
THCP’s unique chemical structure features an extended seven-carbon alkyl side chain, which is longer than the five-carbon chain found in THC. This structural difference impacts how THCP interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system, contributing to its heightened binding affinity to cannabinoid receptors.
Understanding THC
Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive compound found in cannabis. It is responsible for the “high” associated with cannabis use. THC interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system by binding to cannabinoid receptors.
The effects of THC can include euphoria, relaxation, altered sensory perception, and changes in time perception. It can also lead to side effects such as dry mouth, red eyes, short-term memory impairment, and increased appetite. These effects typically manifest within minutes when inhaled and can last for several hours.
Potency and Experiential Differences
Research indicates THCP exhibits a significantly stronger binding affinity to the body’s cannabinoid receptors, particularly the CB1 receptors, compared to THC. Studies suggest THCP can bind to CB1 receptors with an affinity approximately 33 times greater than Delta-9-THC. This enhanced binding is attributed to THCP’s longer alkyl side chain, allowing it to form a more secure connection with the receptors.
This increased binding affinity is the scientific basis for THCP’s higher potency. While the binding affinity can be 33 times stronger, the actual psychoactive effects experienced by users may be around 3 to 5 times more intense than THC, as the human body’s receptors can only be activated to a certain extent. Users might experience a deeper sense of euphoria, more pronounced physical sensations, and stronger sensory enhancements. The onset of effects for THCP can be gradual, taking 10-15 minutes when vaped, but the duration may extend for 4-6 hours, which is typically longer than THC.
Key Considerations for THCP
Given THCP’s heightened potency, starting with very low doses is recommended. For new users, a dose between 0.3 to 0.5 mg is often suggested, while experienced cannabis users might begin with 0.5 to 1 mg. Incremental increases should be made cautiously, allowing sufficient time for the effects of the initial dose to manifest fully before considering more.
The current scientific understanding of THCP is still developing, and there is a lack of extensive human research and long-term safety data. Most of the available information stems from initial studies and anecdotal reports, highlighting the need for more comprehensive investigations into its effects and safety profile.
The legal status of THCP is complex and can vary significantly by region. Under the 2018 Farm Bill in the United States, hemp and its derivatives, including cannabinoids like THCP, are federally legal if they contain less than 0.3% Delta-9 THC. However, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) considers synthetically derived tetrahydrocannabinols as Schedule I controlled substances, which could potentially include commercially produced THCP since it is often synthesized from hemp-derived CBD due to its trace natural abundance. Individual states may also have their own regulations that restrict or ban THCP, regardless of federal guidelines. Consumers should verify local laws before acquiring or using THCP products.