Pink eye, medically known as conjunctivitis, describes an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eyeball and lines the inside of the eyelids. When this membrane becomes irritated or infected, the small blood vessels within it swell, leading to the characteristic reddish or pink appearance of the eye. While symptoms of pink eye might feel more pronounced at night or upon waking, the condition itself does not inherently worsen during these hours.
Why Symptoms Feel More Pronounced
The sensation that pink eye symptoms are more severe at night or in the morning primarily stems from physiological changes in eye function during sleep. Throughout the day, blinking helps to distribute the tear film across the eye’s surface, washing away debris and discharge. This natural clearing mechanism is absent during sleep, allowing secretions to accumulate.
Discharge, consisting of mucus, pus, or a combination, builds up along the lash line and in the corners of the eyes during sleep, often leading to crusting and stickiness that can make eyelids feel matted or sealed shut upon waking. The lack of blinking also contributes to reduced lubrication, potentially exacerbating dryness and irritation that can feel gritty or uncomfortable. Additionally, eyelid swelling may be more noticeable in the morning due to fluid pooling during rest, which improves as the day progresses.
Understanding Pink Eye
Pink eye can arise from several common causes, each with distinct characteristics. Viral infections are the most frequent cause, often presenting with watery or slightly thick whitish discharge and sometimes accompanied by cold-like symptoms such as a sore throat and runny nose. This type resolves on its own within one to two weeks.
Bacterial infections are another cause, commonly resulting in a thicker, often yellow, green, or gray discharge that can cause eyelashes to stick together. While less common than viral conjunctivitis, bacterial forms can be highly contagious. Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious and involves intense itching, tearing, and redness, often with puffy eyelids, triggered by allergens like pollen or pet dander.
Managing Symptoms and When to See a Doctor
Managing pink eye symptoms often involves simple home care measures to alleviate discomfort and prevent spread. Practicing good hand hygiene by washing hands frequently and avoiding touching the eyes. Applying warm compresses can help loosen crusted discharge and provide comfort. Avoid sharing eye makeup, towels, or washcloths to limit transmission.
While many cases of pink eye resolve without specific medical intervention, certain symptoms warrant a doctor’s visit. Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen significantly, vision becomes affected or blurred, or if there is severe eye pain or increased sensitivity to light. A healthcare provider should also be consulted if symptoms do not improve after a few days, or if there is a suspicion of bacterial infection, especially if accompanied by thick, pus-like discharge.