Myo- and d-chiro-inositol are naturally occurring compounds found in the human body and various foods, gaining attention in health discussions, particularly concerning pregnancy. As expectant parents navigate prenatal health, questions arise about supplement safety and benefits. This article provides an overview of their role and safety during gestation.
Understanding Inositols
Inositols are naturally occurring sugar-like compounds, often informally referred to as “vitamin B8,” though they are not true vitamins. They play a significant role in cellular signaling, acting as messengers that influence various bodily functions. Myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI) are two prominent forms, with MI being the most abundant in the body. DCI is derived from MI through an enzymatic conversion process.
These inositols are involved in processes such as insulin sensitivity, cell growth, and the modulation of brain chemicals like dopamine and serotonin. Myo-inositol primarily aids in the body’s use of glucose, while d-chiro-inositol is involved in glycogen synthesis and storage. Their balanced presence is important for proper metabolic function.
Pregnancy-Related Applications
Myo- and d-chiro-inositol are being investigated for their potential applications during pregnancy, particularly in managing metabolic challenges. A primary area of interest is their role in improving insulin sensitivity, which can be beneficial in preventing or managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a condition where glucose levels become too high during pregnancy. Inositols may help regulate glucose homeostasis by acting as insulin mediators.
These compounds are also relevant for pregnant individuals with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is associated with insulin resistance and reduced glucose tolerance, which are risk factors for GDM. Myo-inositol, in particular, may help manage metabolic challenges associated with PCOS during pregnancy by improving insulin sensitivity and potentially reducing symptoms of excess male hormones. While less established, there is also some research exploring their potential in preventing neural tube defects.
Assessing Safety During Pregnancy
The safety profile of myo- and d-chiro-inositol during pregnancy is a concern for expectant mothers. Most research indicates a favorable safety profile for both the mother and the fetus when these compounds are used at typical therapeutic doses. Clinical trials have suggested minimal risk associated with myo-inositol use during pregnancy. A meta-analysis involving pregnant women affected by GDM revealed no adverse maternal events or congenital malformations in fetuses or newborns. Similarly, a Cochrane Review found no adverse events linked to antenatal inositol supplementation.
Myo-inositol supplementation during pregnancy is generally well-tolerated and may reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes. The compounds are considered safe when taken in low doses, typically up to 4 grams per day. Side effects are uncommon and usually mild, primarily involving gastrointestinal discomfort. These mild side effects are generally reported at higher doses, often exceeding the recommended amounts. The transplacental passage of myo-inositol to the fetus does not appear to be clinically relevant.
Recommendations for Use
For pregnant individuals considering myo- and d-chiro-inositol supplementation, consulting a healthcare provider is important. An obstetrician, gynecologist, or endocrinologist can assess individual health needs and determine if supplementation is appropriate, ensuring proper use and monitoring.
Typical dosage ranges observed in studies for conditions like GDM prevention often involve myo-inositol at 2 grams twice daily, sometimes in combination with folic acid. Some research suggests a total daily dose of 2 to 4 grams of myo-inositol. However, it is crucial to understand that these are doses used in research settings and not direct recommendations for self-medication. When choosing supplements, selecting high-quality products from reputable sources is advisable. Personalized medical guidance is necessary before initiating any new supplement regimen during pregnancy.