Muscle pain, also known as myalgia, is a symptom of COVID-19. This discomfort often reflects the body’s generalized inflammatory response to the viral infection. Understanding its context alongside other potential symptoms can provide clarity during an illness.
Muscle Pain Characteristics in COVID-19
Muscle pain is common, noted as the fifth-most prevalent symptom in the first 30 days of COVID-19. Estimates suggest around 1 in 3 people experience body aches, with some studies reporting prevalence up to 86%. This pain typically feels like a dull, aching sensation in the muscles, which can range from mild to severe. It may affect the entire body, or be more localized to areas such as the back, shoulders, legs, neck, and limbs. Joint pain, or arthralgia, can also accompany muscle pain.
Muscle aches are often among the earliest symptoms of COVID-19, sometimes appearing even before respiratory symptoms like a cough or sore throat. The pain can potentially limit mobility due to its intensity. While muscle pain often resolves within a few days to a couple of weeks, some individuals may experience persistent aches. These lingering symptoms can be associated with long COVID, where symptoms extend for weeks or months after the initial infection.
Recognizing Other Common COVID-19 Symptoms
Muscle pain rarely occurs in isolation and often presents alongside other signs of a COVID-19 infection. Common symptoms include fever or chills. Many also experience a dry cough. Fatigue is another frequently reported symptom.
Other signs include cold-like symptoms such as a sore throat, congestion, or a runny nose. Headaches are also common. Some people may notice a new loss of taste or smell, which can be a distinctive symptom. Digestive issues like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea can also occur.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many cases of COVID-19 are mild and can be managed at home, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath is a serious warning sign. Persistent pain or pressure in the chest also indicates a need for urgent care. New confusion or an inability to wake or stay awake are concerning neurological symptoms.
Changes in skin color, such as pale, gray, or blue-colored skin, lips, or nail beds, can signal a lack of oxygen and require emergency evaluation. Individuals with underlying health conditions, those who are immunocompromised, or older adults are at a higher risk of developing severe illness and should consult a healthcare professional even with mild symptoms. It is also advisable to contact a doctor if symptoms worsen, do not improve, or if there are any other severe or concerning symptoms.
Managing Muscle Pain at Home
For mild to moderate muscle pain associated with COVID-19, several strategies can help alleviate discomfort at home. Getting plenty of rest is important, as it allows the body to conserve energy and focus on fighting the infection. Staying well-hydrated by drinking ample fluids is also beneficial.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can help reduce muscle aches and fever. However, it is always advisable to discuss medication use with a healthcare provider, especially if there are other health conditions or medications involved. Comfort measures like taking a warm bath or shower can help relax sore muscles. Applying a heating pad or engaging in gentle stretching may also provide relief.