COVID-19 presents with a broad spectrum of symptoms that can range from very mild to severe illness. As the virus has evolved, so has the understanding of its various manifestations in infected individuals. Many people wonder about the less common signs of this illness, particularly whether a change in voice, such as hoarseness, can indicate a COVID-19 infection. Understanding the full range of potential symptoms helps individuals recognize when they might be affected and what steps to take next.
Is Losing Your Voice a COVID Symptom?
A change in voice, such as hoarseness, can indeed be a symptom of COVID-19. While not as frequently reported as cough or fever, voice impairment is recognized among the array of possible signs. Studies indicate that a quarter of individuals with acute COVID-19 infection may experience some form of voice impairment. For instance, a 2022 study found that hoarseness affected around 25% of people with mild-to-moderate COVID-19.
Voice changes can be more common with certain variants, such as Omicron, which tends to affect the upper airways more significantly. While voice loss can occur on its own, it often accompanies other more commonly known COVID-19 symptoms like a sore throat, cough, or fatigue.
How COVID Affects the Voice
COVID-19 can affect the voice primarily by causing inflammation of the larynx, which is commonly known as the voice box, and the vocal cords it contains. This inflammation, known as laryngitis, can result directly from the viral infection as the SARS-CoV-2 virus impacts the respiratory tract. When the vocal cords become swollen, their ability to vibrate properly is hindered, leading to hoarseness, a raspy quality, or even a temporary loss of voice.
Beyond direct viral impact, the intense coughing often associated with COVID-19 can further irritate and inflame the vocal cords. This mechanical stress can worsen the vocal changes experienced by individuals. In more severe cases of COVID-19, medical interventions such as prolonged intubation, where a breathing tube is placed through the vocal cords, can also contribute to vocal cord irritation or even damage. Additionally, some individuals may experience persistent voice symptoms as part of long COVID, indicating a more prolonged impact on vocal health.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Consulting a healthcare professional is advisable if voice loss occurs in conjunction with other concerning symptoms, or if the voice changes are severe or persistent. Common accompanying COVID-19 symptoms that warrant attention include fever, a new continuous cough, shortness of breath, significant fatigue, and a sore throat. If you experience trouble breathing, persistent chest pain or pressure, new confusion, or an inability to wake or stay awake, immediate emergency medical attention is necessary.
While a hoarse voice can also stem from common colds, allergies, or voice overuse, its presence alongside other COVID-19 indicators suggests testing may be appropriate. Individuals who are older or have underlying health conditions should be particularly attentive to symptoms and seek prompt medical advice, as they may be at increased risk for more severe illness.