Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, certain symptoms became widely recognized as characteristic indicators of infection. Among these, the loss of taste, known as ageusia, and the loss of smell, called anosmia, were particularly prominent. These sensory changes often served as distinct markers for individuals suspecting they had contracted the virus.
Taste Loss and Current COVID Variants
While the loss of taste and smell can still occur with COVID-19, their prevalence has significantly decreased with newer variants, particularly Omicron and its sub-lineages. Studies indicate that the risk of experiencing smell and taste loss with recent Omicron variants is only about 6-7% of what it was during the initial stages of the pandemic in early 2020. This notable shift means these sensory changes are no longer among the most common symptoms.
The reduced occurrence of these symptoms may be attributed to changes in how the virus interacts with human cells. Newer variants might infect different cell types or elicit a varied immune response compared to the original strains. Widespread vaccination and natural immunity from previous infections could also play a role in altering the symptom profile observed in the population.
Other Common Symptoms of COVID
Current COVID-19 variants present with symptoms that often resemble other common respiratory illnesses. Individuals frequently report a sore throat, fatigue, and a runny or congested nose. A cough, headache, and fever or chills are also commonly observed.
Some people may also experience muscle or body aches, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. The similarity of these symptoms to those of the common cold or influenza can make self-diagnosis challenging.
When to Seek Guidance for COVID Symptoms
If you experience symptoms that suggest a respiratory illness, consider testing for COVID-19, especially if you have risk factors for severe illness. Prompt testing allows for timely access to treatments, which are most effective when started within days of symptom onset. If your symptoms are mild and you are not at high risk, you can manage them at home similar to a cold or flu.
Certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. Seek emergency care if you experience trouble breathing, persistent pain or pressure in the chest, new confusion, or an inability to wake or stay awake. Pale, gray, or bluish skin, lips, or nail beds are also serious warning signs. If you test positive, staying home and avoiding contact with others for at least five days, or until symptoms improve and you are fever-free for 24 hours without medication, helps prevent further spread.