Lisinopril is not a calcium channel blocker. It is an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This medication is commonly prescribed to manage high blood pressure, also known as hypertension, and to treat heart failure. Lisinopril can also be used following a heart attack to improve patient outcomes.
Lisinopril’s True Identity
Lisinopril functions as an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, influencing the body’s renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). It blocks the enzyme ACE, which converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a hormone that narrows blood vessels, increasing blood pressure. By inhibiting its formation, lisinopril promotes blood vessel relaxation and widening.
This vasodilation reduces arterial pressure, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. Lisinopril also decreases aldosterone, a hormone that retains salt and water, contributing to lower blood pressure and reduced fluid buildup. Beyond high blood pressure, lisinopril is prescribed for heart failure, to improve survival after a heart attack, and to slow kidney problems in individuals with diabetes.
Understanding Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) interfere with calcium movement into specific cells. Calcium plays an important role in muscle contraction in the heart and blood vessel walls. CCBs prevent calcium entry through specialized channels, leading to the relaxation and widening of blood vessels.
CCBs also reduce heart muscle contraction force and can slow the heart rate. By relaxing blood vessels, CCBs lower blood pressure and improve blood flow. This class of medication treats high blood pressure, chest pain (angina), and certain irregular heart rhythms. Examples of CCBs include amlodipine and diltiazem.
Distinguishing Between Lisinopril and Calcium Channel Blockers
Both Lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor) and calcium channel blockers treat high blood pressure, but through different biological pathways. Lisinopril interrupts the renin-angiotensin system by blocking angiotensin I to angiotensin II conversion, leading to vasodilation and reduced fluid retention. Calcium channel blockers, conversely, directly block calcium entry into heart and artery muscle cells, causing them to relax and blood vessels to widen.
A healthcare provider’s choice between these drug classes depends on a patient’s individual health profile and co-existing conditions. For instance, ACE inhibitors like lisinopril are often preferred for patients with heart failure or after a heart attack, and they can also offer benefits for kidney protection in diabetic individuals. Calcium channel blockers may be favored for certain types of arrhythmias or angina, and some studies suggest they might offer better protection against stroke. Combining an ACE inhibitor with a calcium channel blocker is also a common strategy when a single medication is not sufficient to control blood pressure.
Key Information for Lisinopril Users
Lisinopril is a prescription medication and should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Take the medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor, typically once a day. Consistency in taking the medication at the same time each day can help with adherence. The initial dose may be low and gradually increased by your doctor as needed.
Do not abruptly stop taking lisinopril, even if you feel well, as high blood pressure often has no noticeable symptoms. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is important, including checking blood pressure, kidney function, and potassium levels. Inform your doctor about any other medications or supplements you are taking. If you experience severe diarrhea or vomiting, or have a planned surgery, inform your doctor, as adjustments to your medication might be needed.