Hemorrhoids are a common condition characterized by swollen veins in the rectum or anus, leading to symptoms like itching, pain, and burning. These can range from mild irritations to significant discomfort, affecting daily life. Lidocaine, a widely used topical anesthetic, offers a temporary solution for relieving these uncomfortable symptoms. Its application can help manage the immediate distress associated with hemorrhoid flare-ups.
How Lidocaine Relieves Hemorrhoid Symptoms
Lidocaine functions as a local anesthetic. It achieves this by temporarily blocking nerve signals from reaching the brain. Specifically, lidocaine interferes with the flow of sodium ions into nerve cells, which is necessary for nerves to transmit pain signals. By stabilizing the nerve cell membrane, it prevents the initiation and conduction of these impulses, effectively reducing the sensation of pain, itching, and burning.
Hemorrhoids can cause discomfort due to inflammation and pressure on surrounding nerve endings. Lidocaine targets nerve endings in the affected area, providing localized numbness. This helps alleviate symptoms of both internal and external hemorrhoids, though it is primarily used for external or anal symptoms. While lidocaine offers effective symptomatic relief, it does not address the underlying cause of hemorrhoids.
Applying Lidocaine for Hemorrhoid Relief
Lidocaine products for hemorrhoids are available in various forms, including creams, ointments, gels, and sprays. For external hemorrhoids, a thin layer of the product should be applied directly to the affected area. If using an applicator for internal application, it should be gently inserted into the rectum. It is important to cleanse the area with mild soap and warm water, then gently dry it by patting or blotting, before each application.
Users should apply the product as directed, typically up to four to six times daily, especially in the morning, at night, and after each bowel movement. Washing hands thoroughly before and after application is necessary to maintain hygiene and prevent accidental transfer to other body parts. Lidocaine provides rapid relief, with most individuals feeling better within an hour. It is generally recommended for short-term relief.
Understanding Lidocaine Side Effects and Warnings
Topical lidocaine is generally well-tolerated, with side effects typically being mild and localized to the application site. Common reactions may include a temporary stinging or burning sensation upon initial application, which usually subsides within a few minutes. Other localized effects can include redness, swelling, or a rash.
It is important to avoid applying lidocaine to broken, severely irritated, or abraded skin, as this can increase the risk of greater absorption into the bloodstream. While rare, systemic absorption, especially with excessive use or application over large areas, can lead to more widespread side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, or nervousness. Allergic reactions, though uncommon, can occur and may manifest as hives, itching, or swelling of the face, lips, mouth, or throat. Do not exceed the recommended dosage, and keep the product out of reach of children.
When Professional Medical Guidance is Needed
Individuals should consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist or worsen despite self-treatment. This includes continued discomfort, pain, or itching that does not improve within about seven days of using over-the-counter remedies. Seek medical advice if there is significant rectal bleeding (e.g., in the toilet, on toilet paper, or in stool), as this should always be assessed by a doctor to rule out more serious conditions such as anal fissures, polyps, or certain cancers.
Other concerning signs that warrant professional evaluation include severe pain, a change in bowel habits, or the development of an anal lump that cannot be easily pushed back in. A medical professional can provide an accurate diagnosis and develop a comprehensive treatment plan, which may include dietary changes, lifestyle adjustments, or other medical interventions for long-term management.