Ankle sprains are common injuries, often occurring when the foot twists awkwardly. A key concern is whether it is safe to bear weight on the affected joint. Understanding the injury and initial responses is important for recovery.
Understanding Sprains and Initial Assessment
An ankle sprain involves damage to the ligaments, which are strong, fibrous bands of connective tissue that stabilize the ankle joint by connecting bones to other bones. This injury occurs when the ankle rolls, twists, or turns beyond its normal range of motion, stretching or tearing these ligaments. The extent of the damage can range from a mild stretch to a complete tear of one or more ligaments.
Upon injury, perform a preliminary self-assessment to gauge the sprain’s severity. Observe how quickly swelling appears and the intensity of the pain experienced. Gently attempt to bear some weight on the foot; notice if you can stand or take a few steps without severe pain. An inability to put any weight on the ankle, or experiencing intense, sharp pain, suggests a more significant injury, potentially a fracture.
Immediate Steps and When Not to Walk
Whether to walk on a sprained ankle depends on the injury’s grade. For mild sprains, characterized by minimal pain and the ability to bear weight without significant discomfort, limited walking might be tolerated. However, for moderate to severe sprains, continuing to walk is not recommended. Placing weight on an already compromised ankle can worsen the ligament damage, potentially leading to further tearing or stretching.
This continued stress can also increase swelling and inflammation around the joint, which can prolong the healing process and heighten discomfort. Immediately after the injury, it is beneficial to rest the ankle by avoiding any weight-bearing activities. Applying ice packs to the injured area for 15 to 20 minutes every two to three hours helps to reduce swelling and alleviate pain. Additionally, wrapping the ankle with an elastic bandage can provide compression to control swelling, and elevating the ankle above heart level assists in fluid drainage.
When to Seek Medical Attention
A sprained ankle requires professional medical evaluation if you are unable to bear any weight on the injured ankle, or if the pain is excruciating and persistent. Significant or rapidly increasing swelling, along with extensive bruising that develops quickly, also warrants a doctor’s visit.
Any visible deformity of the ankle joint or foot, such as an unusual angle or shape, suggests a more serious injury like a dislocation or fracture. Numbness or tingling sensations in the foot or toes are also signs that require immediate medical attention. Furthermore, if symptoms do not show signs of improvement after a few days of diligent self-care, or if they worsen, a healthcare provider should assess the ankle to ensure a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.