Ear tubes, also known as myringotomy tubes or tympanostomy tubes, are a common medical intervention for children experiencing recurring ear infections or persistent fluid buildup behind the eardrum. Observing drainage from the ear can cause concern for parents and caregivers. Understanding when this drainage is normal or a sign of a potential issue is important.
What Ear Tubes Accomplish
Ear tubes serve a specific purpose: to ventilate the middle ear and prevent fluid accumulation. They are small, hollow cylinders inserted through a tiny incision in the eardrum. This allows air to enter the middle ear, equalizing pressure and preventing fluid buildup. The tubes also provide a pathway for existing fluid or pus to drain out, rather than remaining trapped. This direct drainage mechanism distinguishes how ear infections might present with tubes compared to without.
When Drainage is Expected
Drainage from the ear canal can be an expected occurrence, particularly immediately following ear tube insertion. It is common to observe a small amount of clear, yellowish, or blood-tinged fluid for the first few days after the procedure, as this initial drainage is often the ear clearing out any residual fluid or blood from the surgical site and the middle ear space. This type of drainage is typically minimal and should improve quickly, often resolving within one to seven days. The presence of ear tubes means that if an infection occurs, the fluid or pus can drain out through the tube, which is a sign the tubes are functioning as intended. While ear infections can still happen with tubes, the drainage indicates the infection is being allowed to escape, potentially leading to less pain and pressure compared to infections without tubes, and this drainage can appear clear, cloudy, or bloody, and may be accompanied by dry crusting on the outer ear.
Recognizing Concerning Drainage
While some drainage is anticipated, certain characteristics can signal a potential problem. Drainage that is thick, pus-like, or has a foul odor is often a sign of an ear infection; the color of the discharge can also be indicative, with green, dark yellow, or opaque white drainage suggesting an issue. Excessive volume of drainage or discharge that persists for more than a few days (e.g., five to seven days) or beyond a week while using prescribed ear drops, also warrants attention. Infections with ear tubes in place may also present with symptoms beyond just drainage, including ear pain (though often less severe than without tubes), a low-grade fever, irritability, or an infant pulling at their ear. If drainage recurs frequently, for example, more than twice in four months, it could also be a concerning pattern to discuss with a healthcare provider.
What to Do About Drainage
The course of action for ear drainage depends on its characteristics. For normal, expected drainage immediately after surgery, gently clean the outer ear with a damp cloth; many healthcare providers also prescribe antibiotic ear drops for a few days to prevent infection and keep the tubes clear. If the drainage appears concerning (thick, discolored, foul-smelling, or persistent), contact a healthcare professional, as this often indicates an ear infection treatable with antibiotic ear drops. When administering drops, gently pump the small flap of cartilage in front of the ear canal, known as the tragus, to help the medication enter the ear tube. Your doctor may also advise on water precautions, such as avoiding prolonged submersion or using earplugs in certain water environments; provide details about the drainage and any other symptoms to assist in determining the appropriate next steps.