Gas and bloating are common and expected after a colonoscopy. This discomfort is usually temporary, resolving within hours to a day, though it can last up to 48 hours, especially if polyps were removed or biopsies taken. This experience results from how the procedure is performed.
The Cause of Post-Procedure Gas
During a colonoscopy, gas is introduced into the colon to inflate it, allowing a clear view of the inner lining. This process, called insufflation, distends the bowel, causing feelings of fullness, pressure, and discomfort. While air has traditionally been used, carbon dioxide (CO2) is also common.
The type of gas affects how quickly discomfort resolves. Room air, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, absorbs slowly. CO2, however, absorbs into the bloodstream much faster and is exhaled through the lungs. This rapid absorption means CO2 can lead to less prolonged gas and bloating, offering quicker relief.
What Helps with Gas Discomfort
Several strategies can help manage post-colonoscopy gas discomfort. Light physical activity, such as short walks, stimulates the digestive system and helps trapped gas pass. Even a brief walk after the procedure can provide relief.
Dietary adjustments are also beneficial. Avoid carbonated beverages and gas-producing foods like beans, cabbage, and certain dairy products immediately after the procedure. Staying hydrated with non-carbonated fluids, such as water or clear broths, helps flush out gas and supports bowel function.
Applying a warm compress or heating pad to the abdomen can relax muscles and ease cramping. Lying on your left side may also facilitate gas expulsion. Over-the-counter gas relief medications containing simethicone can break down gas bubbles, making them easier to pass. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking new medications.
When to Contact Your Doctor
While gas and bloating are normal post-colonoscopy symptoms, certain signs indicate a more serious complication requiring immediate medical attention. Contact your doctor if you experience severe or worsening abdominal pain that does not improve after passing gas. Persistent, intense pain could signal a complication like a perforation.
Other concerning symptoms to report include:
Fever, particularly above 100.4°F (38°C), or chills, indicating infection.
Significant rectal bleeding, defined as more than a few drops or persistent bleeding after 24 hours.
Nausea or persistent vomiting.
Dizziness or weakness.
Inability to pass gas or have a bowel movement for an extended period.
Swelling or hardness in your abdomen.