Constipation after a colonoscopy is a common concern. This temporary change in bowel habits can be unexpected after the thorough cleansing process. Understanding the reasons and how to manage it can help ease anxiety. This article clarifies why constipation occurs and offers practical advice.
Understanding Post-Colonoscopy Constipation
Extensive bowel preparation completely empties the colon. This process, often involving strong laxatives, cleanses the digestive tract and can lead to temporary dehydration, making stools harder to pass. The colon’s natural rhythm may also be temporarily reduced as it recovers from being emptied.
Sedation or anesthesia can also slow gut motility. These medications can temporarily impair normal muscle contractions (peristalsis) that move waste. Dietary changes before and after the colonoscopy, such as a low-residue or clear liquid diet, mean less bulk in the digestive system. Reintroducing solid foods and fiber, combined with reduced physical activity, can further slow bowel function.
Managing Constipation
Maintaining good hydration is important to alleviate post-colonoscopy constipation. Drinking plenty of water, clear broths, and electrolyte-replenishing beverages helps rehydrate the body and soften stools. Avoid dehydrating fluids like caffeine and alcohol during recovery.
Gradually reintroducing food into your diet is beneficial. Start with light, easily digestible options such as clear liquids, soups, toast, applesauce, mashed potatoes, bananas, scrambled eggs, or lean proteins. Incorporate fiber-rich foods over a few days as your digestive system returns to normal. Engaging in gentle physical activity, such as light walking, can also stimulate bowel movements and help relieve gas.
Over-the-counter remedies can offer relief. Stool softeners like docusate sodium work by adding moisture to the stool, making it easier to pass. Mild osmotic laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX), draw water into the intestines to soften the stool. Always consult with your healthcare provider before taking any new medications, even over-the-counter options.
When to Contact Your Doctor
While temporary constipation is expected, certain symptoms warrant medical attention. Contact your doctor if you experience severe or persistent abdominal pain that does not improve. Persistent nausea or vomiting after the procedure also warrants medical evaluation.
If you have no bowel movements for several days (typically three to five days) despite home remedies, or cannot pass gas, seek medical advice. Other signs requiring prompt medical attention include fever, chills, heavy or continuous rectal bleeding, or black, tarry stools, as these could indicate more serious complications.