Cellulitis is a widespread bacterial infection affecting the deeper layers of the skin and the tissues beneath it. This condition often manifests in areas like the legs and feet but can appear anywhere on the body. It typically arises when bacteria enter the body through a break in the skin, such as a cut, wound, or insect bite. Prompt medical attention is important because cellulitis can spread quickly and lead to more serious health issues if left untreated.
What Cellulitis Looks Like Normally
Typically, cellulitis presents with distinct signs, including skin that appears red, swollen, and feels warm to the touch. Patients commonly experience tenderness or pain in the infected area. Some individuals might also develop systemic symptoms like fever or chills. Cellulitis does not involve pus or drainage. The skin may look tight and glossy, or even have a dimpled, orange-peel appearance.
When Drainage Occurs with Cellulitis
Drainage is not a normal or expected symptom of cellulitis. Pus or fluid draining from the infected area usually indicates a secondary complication. Most frequently, this drainage suggests the formation of an abscess, which is a localized collection of pus beneath the skin. An abscess can develop within the cellulitis, and the drainage occurs if this pocket of infection ruptures or is medically drained.
Other, less common reasons for drainage include an underlying wound that allowed bacteria to enter, the presence of a foreign body in the tissue, or a more severe form of infection. While cellulitis is an infection of the deeper skin layers, an abscess represents a contained collection of infection that requires specific intervention. Therefore, any visible fluid or pus signals that the infection has progressed beyond typical cellulitis.
Identifying Concerning Drainage
The characteristics of drainage can provide important clues about the severity of the underlying infection. Drainage that is yellow, green, or brown in color, especially if it is thick or has a foul odor, is particularly concerning. The amount of drainage also matters, with increasing quantities indicating a worsening condition. Along with the drainage, other signs that should prompt concern include increasing pain, spreading redness, or the appearance of red streaks extending from the affected area.
Systemic symptoms such as worsening fever, chills, or a general feeling of being unwell further indicate a serious situation. While very minor, clear fluid might sometimes be present from a superficial skin break, any pus-like drainage accompanying cellulitis is a significant warning sign. These signs suggest that the bacterial infection is not contained and may be spreading or has formed an abscess requiring immediate attention.
When to Seek Medical Care
Prompt medical evaluation is important if you notice any drainage from an area affected by cellulitis. This is especially true if the drainage is accompanied by worsening symptoms like increased pain, spreading redness, or the development of a fever. A healthcare provider should assess the situation immediately to determine the cause of the drainage and the appropriate course of action.
In severe cases, such as a rapidly spreading rash, high fever, chills, or feeling very unwell, seeking emergency care is necessary. A doctor will evaluate the infection, which may include assessing for an abscess that might need to be drained. They will also prescribe or adjust antibiotics to effectively treat the infection and prevent further complications.