Many expectant parents wonder about their baby’s movements during contractions. Fetal movement during contractions is often a normal occurrence and can even be a reassuring sign. Understanding the dynamics between uterine contractions and fetal activity can help alleviate concerns during labor.
The Science Behind Fetal Movement During Contractions
During labor, the uterus undergoes rhythmic contractions. These contractions work to dilate the cervix and guide the baby through the birth canal. As the uterus tightens, the space available to the baby temporarily decreases, which can elicit a response from the fetus.
Fetal movement during contractions is often a sign of a healthy, responsive baby. A study found that nearly 90% of uterine contractions were associated with fetal movement, and the proportion of time a fetus spent moving was higher during contractions than between them. This movement can be the baby’s way of adjusting to the pressure and changing environment within the womb. While contractions temporarily compress the baby, this pressure can also lead to slight shifts in the baby’s oxygen levels. Such minor changes can sometimes stimulate movement as the baby actively participates and adjusts its position for descent.
What to Expect from Baby’s Movements During Labor
The nature of fetal movements can change as labor progresses and contractions intensify. Instead of the distinct kicks felt earlier in pregnancy, you might perceive movements as more of a squirming, wiggling, or shifting sensation. The baby might also feel like it is pushing down as it moves further into the birth canal.
While some babies remain active, others might appear quieter or exhibit less pronounced movements during contractions. This variability is normal, as each baby responds individually to the labor process. It is also common for the intensity and frequency of movements to fluctuate.
Even with strong contractions, a baby should continue to move. For instance, some individuals report feeling their baby pushing out in all directions as contractions lighten, only for the tightness to return in a specific spot as the baby shoves its feet. Recognizing these different types of sensations can help distinguish between fetal movement and the contraction itself.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
While fetal movement during contractions is generally normal, certain changes warrant immediate medical attention. A significant decrease in fetal movement, or the complete absence of movement, is a cause for concern. Healthcare professionals often recommend monitoring fetal movement, especially in the third trimester. If you do not feel at least 10 movements within a two-hour period, or if there’s a noticeable change from your baby’s usual activity, seek medical advice. This could indicate that the baby is in distress and requires immediate evaluation.
Other concerning symptoms that might accompany changes in movement during labor include abnormal vaginal bleeding, severe and unmanageable pain, or if your water breaks and the fluid is stained with meconium (baby’s first stool). Always communicate any worries about your baby’s movements or other unusual symptoms to your medical team.