Monthly contact lenses are engineered to be worn daily and discarded after 30 days. Adhering to this prescribed schedule is important for maintaining eye health and comfort.
The Science Behind Monthly Limits
Monthly contact lenses are engineered from advanced materials, often silicone hydrogel, which allows oxygen to pass through to the cornea. This oxygen permeability is crucial for corneal health, as the cornea lacks its own blood supply and relies on atmospheric oxygen. Over time, the material properties of the lens, including its ability to transmit oxygen, can degrade.
As lenses are worn, they accumulate deposits from the tear film, such as proteins, lipids, and calcium. These deposits can create a film on the lens surface, reducing its clarity and hindering oxygen transmission to the eye. The accumulation of these substances creates a more hospitable environment for microorganisms, increasing the potential for eye irritation and infection.
Health Risks of Overwearing
Wearing monthly contact lenses beyond their recommended lifespan can lead to several adverse health consequences. One primary concern is corneal hypoxia, which occurs when the cornea does not receive enough oxygen. This can cause blurry vision and discomfort, and in more severe cases, it may trigger neovascularization, where new, fragile blood vessels grow into the normally clear cornea to compensate for the oxygen deficit.
The buildup of deposits on overworn lenses increases the risk of eye infections. Bacteria, fungi, and parasites like Acanthamoeba can adhere to the lens surface and proliferate, causing severe infections. These can manifest as corneal ulcers, open sores on the cornea that cause pain, vision loss, and potentially permanent scarring if left untreated.
Beyond infections, overwearing can trigger inflammatory responses, such as giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC). GPC is an allergic reaction to lens deposits, characterized by inflammation and the formation of small, raised bumps (papillae) on the inside of the eyelid, leading to itching and discomfort. Prolonged wear of degraded lenses can cause dryness and irritation, making the eyes feel gritty and uncomfortable, and potentially disrupting the natural tear film.
When to Seek Professional Help
Recognizing symptoms that indicate a potential problem is important for preventing serious eye complications. Persistent redness in the eye, pain, or discomfort should prompt immediate attention from an eye care professional. Any sudden changes in vision, such as blurriness or a decrease in visual acuity, are also concerning signs.
Increased sensitivity to light, known as photophobia, can signal an underlying issue requiring medical evaluation. Excessive tearing or unusual discharge from the eye are further indicators of irritation or infection. If there is a persistent sensation of having a foreign object in the eye that does not resolve, or if any other unusual or worsening symptoms appear after wearing contact lenses, consult an eye care professional promptly.
Proper Contact Lens Care
Adhering to the prescribed replacement schedule for monthly contact lenses is crucial for maintaining eye health. Before handling lenses, wash and thoroughly dry hands to prevent introducing contaminants. Use only fresh, sterile contact lens solution for cleaning and storage; tap water or saliva can harbor harmful microorganisms.
Regularly clean the contact lens case by rinsing it with fresh solution, allowing it to air dry, and replacing it every one to three months. Unless specifically prescribed by an eye care professional for extended wear, monthly lenses should never be worn while sleeping. Lenses should also be removed before engaging in activities like swimming or showering to minimize exposure to waterborne pathogens. Regular comprehensive eye examinations help ensure contact lenses remain suitable and eye health is maintained.