Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that can form inside or outside the anus and rectum, often causing discomfort, itching, and bleeding. They are a common condition, affecting about one in twenty Americans, and become more prevalent with age. While the symptoms can be bothersome, attempting to “pop” a hemorrhoid is generally not recommended. This action can lead to significant complications and is not a safe or effective relief method. Understanding these risks is important for proper care.
Risks of Popping Hemorrhoids
Popping a hemorrhoid carries several dangers and can worsen the condition. A primary concern is infection. The anal area contains bacteria, and creating an open wound allows these bacteria to enter the bloodstream, leading to serious infection. Signs of infection include increased pain, redness, swelling, pus or discharge. Severe cases may also develop fever and chills.
Popping a hemorrhoid also causes more intense pain and significant bleeding. Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels, and rupturing them can lead to prolonged, difficult-to-stop bleeding. External hemorrhoids, visible around the anus, can form a blood clot inside, creating a thrombosed hemorrhoid. While a thrombosed hemorrhoid might burst on its own, releasing pressure and causing relief, manually popping it will not resolve the underlying clot and can exacerbate pain and bleeding.
Internal hemorrhoids, developing inside the rectum, are not visible or accessible for manual intervention. Attempting to rupture an internal hemorrhoid can cause serious injury to the delicate tissues of the anal canal. Self-intervention disrupts natural healing and can prolong inflammation and discomfort.
Safer Approaches to Hemorrhoid Relief
Instead of attempting to pop hemorrhoids, several safe and effective home methods can help alleviate symptoms. Increasing dietary fiber is foundational, as fiber adds bulk to stool and absorbs water, making it softer and easier to pass. This reduces straining during bowel movements, a common factor in hemorrhoid development. Adults should aim for 20 to 35 grams of fiber daily, gradually increasing intake to avoid gas and bloating.
Adequate hydration, by drinking plenty of water, works with fiber to keep stools soft and prevent constipation. Soaking the affected area in a warm sitz bath for 10 to 15 minutes, two to three times daily, can provide significant relief. The warm water helps to relax the anal sphincter muscles, reduce swelling, and improve blood flow, which promotes healing.
Over-the-counter topical treatments, like creams or suppositories containing witch hazel or hydrocortisone, can soothe itching and reduce inflammation. Some products also contain protectants like petrolatum or local anesthetics like pramoxine to relieve pain and burning. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help manage discomfort.
Proper hygiene involves gently cleaning the anal area after bowel movements without harsh wiping. Avoiding prolonged sitting on the toilet and refraining from straining during bowel movements are important habits for relief and prevention.
When to Seek Professional Medical Advice
While home remedies often provide relief, there are specific situations when medical attention for hemorrhoids becomes necessary. Persistent or heavy rectal bleeding, especially if dark or accompanied by changes in bowel habits, warrants immediate medical evaluation. Although hemorrhoids commonly cause bright red rectal bleeding, it is important to rule out more serious conditions, such as colorectal cancer. For individuals over 50, new rectal bleeding should be promptly assessed by a doctor.
Severe pain that is debilitating or does not improve with home care after about a week warrants consulting a healthcare provider. If an internal hemorrhoid prolapses, remaining outside the anus and unable to be gently pushed back in, medical intervention may be required. Signs of infection, such as fever, chills, increased redness, swelling, or pus around the anal area, indicate a need for professional medical attention. These symptoms suggest a complication requiring proper diagnosis and treatment.