Hydrangeas are widely celebrated for their striking beauty and vibrant, abundant blooms. These popular ornamental plants grace gardens and homes with their large, often “pom-pom”-like clusters of flowers, available in shades of pink, blue, purple, and white. Their broad, green leaves provide a lush backdrop to the colorful flower heads. Hydrangeas are appreciated for their hardiness and their ability to thrive in various garden settings.
Are Hydrangeas Safe to Eat
Hydrangeas are not considered safe for consumption by humans or pets. All parts of the hydrangea plant, including leaves, buds, flowers, and bark, contain compounds that can cause adverse reactions if ingested. While serious poisoning is uncommon, even small amounts can lead to uncomfortable symptoms. Keep hydrangeas as ornamental plants only, out of reach of curious children and animals.
Toxic Compounds in Hydrangeas
Hydrangeas pose a risk due to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides, primarily amygdalin, found throughout the plant. When ingested, these compounds break down in the digestive system to release hydrogen cyanide. This highly toxic substance interferes with the body’s ability to utilize oxygen at a cellular level.
The concentration of these glycosides varies by species, plant part, and amount ingested. Leaves and flowers typically contain the highest concentrations. Even dried hydrangea material retains its toxic properties.
Recognizing Symptoms and Taking Action
Ingestion of hydrangea plant material can lead to a range of symptoms in both humans and pets. Common signs often involve gastrointestinal upset, such as stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which can sometimes be bloody. Affected individuals or animals may also appear lethargic, depressed, or show a decreased appetite. Pets might exhibit excessive drooling.
In severe cases, more serious reactions can occur, including central nervous system complications, labored breathing, seizures, or coma. Other reported symptoms include heart rate changes, weakness, confusion, and muscle spasms. If you suspect a child has ingested any part of a hydrangea plant, contact poison control immediately. For pets, seek immediate veterinary attention. Inducing vomiting at home is generally not recommended.
Dispelling Edibility Myths
Misconceptions about hydrangea edibility often arise from historical or traditional uses of certain species. Some varieties, like Hydrangea arborescens or specific preparations of Hydrangea serrata, have been used in traditional medicine for diuretic properties or to address kidney issues. For example, certain Hydrangea serrata leaves, after fermentation, have been used to create a sweet tea due to phyllodulcin.
However, these traditional applications do not mean common ornamental hydrangeas are safe for casual consumption. Cyanogenic glycosides in widely cultivated garden varieties remain a significant concern. Attempts to consume dried hydrangea leaves for recreational purposes is very dangerous and can lead to serious cyanide poisoning. It is important to distinguish between specialized traditional uses and general edibility, because the vast majority of hydrangeas are toxic.