Hemp-based lotions have emerged as a popular option for managing the symptoms of eczema, a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by dry, itchy, and irritated skin. Eczema involves a compromised skin barrier and an overactive immune response, leading to inflammation and moisture loss. Topical products derived from the Cannabis sativa plant offer two distinct avenues for relief: barrier repair and moisturizing, and targeting underlying inflammation. Understanding the difference between these two hemp derivatives is key to assessing their potential efficacy against eczema symptoms.
Distinguishing Hemp Seed Oil from CBD Extracts
The term “hemp lotion” refers to products containing two distinct ingredients: hemp seed oil and Cannabidiol (CBD) extracts. Hemp seed oil (HSO) is derived solely from cold-pressing the seeds and is rich in nutritional compounds but contains no significant amount of cannabinoids like CBD or THC. HSO functions primarily as an emollient and moisturizer, valued for its high concentration of essential fatty acids.
CBD extracts are sourced from the flowers, leaves, and stalks of the plant, where the cannabinoid content is highest. These extracts contain cannabidiol, the compound studied for its anti-inflammatory properties. CBD extracts are further classified into three types: Isolate (pure cannabidiol), Broad-Spectrum (various cannabinoids but no detectable THC), and Full-Spectrum (includes all naturally occurring compounds, including up to 0.3% THC).
Biological Mechanisms Against Eczema Symptoms
Hemp Seed Oil is effective due to its unique fatty acid profile, which is particularly beneficial for repairing the compromised stratum corneum (outermost skin layer). HSO contains an optimal ratio of Omega-6 (Linoleic Acid) and Omega-3 (Alpha-Linolenic Acid) fatty acids, including Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA). These essential fatty acids help to replenish the skin’s lipid barrier, reducing trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), a hallmark of eczema.
By reinforcing this barrier, HSO helps the skin retain moisture, which directly alleviates the dryness and flakiness associated with atopic dermatitis. Studies have shown that supplementing with hemp seed oil can improve symptoms like dryness and itchiness in patients with atopic dermatitis.
CBD extracts, on the other hand, address the inflammatory component of eczema by interacting with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) present in the skin. When applied topically, CBD modulates immune responses and may help reduce the release of pro-inflammatory markers called cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, that drive eczema flares. This action helps to calm the redness and swelling that characterizes active eczema.
Furthermore, CBD is noted for its anti-pruritic properties, helping to relieve itching. This anti-itch effect is thought to occur through CBD’s interaction with specific receptors in the skin involved in pain and itch signaling. The combined moisturizing effect of the lotion base, rich in HSO or other emollients, with the anti-inflammatory action of CBD, offers a comprehensive approach to managing both the structural and immune-related symptoms of eczema.
Practical Guide to Choosing and Using Hemp Lotions
When selecting a hemp-based lotion for eczema, consumers should first scrutinize the ingredient list to determine the product’s primary function. Look specifically for “Cannabis Sativa Seed Oil” to confirm the presence of moisturizing hemp seed oil, or “Cannabidiol (CBD)” or “Hemp Extract” to indicate the anti-inflammatory compound. For CBD products, prioritize those that offer a Certificate of Analysis (COA) from an independent third-party lab. The COA verifies the exact concentration of CBD and THC, and confirms the absence of contaminants like heavy metals, pesticides, and mold.
Because eczema-prone skin is highly sensitive, it is advisable to choose fragrance-free and hypoallergenic formulations. Artificial scents and certain preservatives can act as irritants, potentially triggering a flare-up. Before applying any new product, perform a patch test on a small, inconspicuous area of skin, such as the inner elbow, and monitor for any adverse reaction over 24 hours.
Hemp lotions can be integrated into a daily skincare routine and used alongside traditional treatments, such as prescription topical steroids or calcineurin inhibitors. Users should consult a dermatologist before making significant changes to their treatment plan, especially since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved these products as a cure for eczema.