Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed patches. The compromised skin barrier makes it highly sensitive to environmental factors, including the textiles that touch it daily. Many people wonder if synthetic materials like fleece, popular for its softness, are safe for irritated skin. The properties of fleece can often exacerbate symptoms, making it a material people with sensitive skin should approach with caution.
Fleece Material and Eczema Triggers
Standard fleece is a synthetic textile typically manufactured from polyethylene terephthalate, a form of polyester. This synthetic composition is the primary reason fleece can be problematic for skin affected by eczema. Synthetic fibers fundamentally differ from natural ones in how they interact with moisture and heat, and fleece is designed to be highly insulating. Its dense, non-absorbent structure makes it an effective heat retainer, which is a significant factor in triggering flare-ups.
The lack of breathability in polyester fleece prevents air circulation, causing the body to overheat and sweat. Sweat is a potent irritant for eczematous skin because the salts and waste products it contains can sting and intensify itching. Since fleece does not absorb moisture well, sweat remains trapped against the skin’s surface. This creates a warm, damp environment that disrupts the skin’s moisture balance and protective barrier, leading directly to increased itchiness and inflammation. Furthermore, synthetic fabrics may contain residual chemicals, such as dyes or finishing agents, which can act as contact allergens or irritants for a compromised skin barrier.
Practical Material Alternatives
Choosing textiles that promote skin health and minimize irritation is an important step in managing eczema. Materials that are soft, breathable, and highly absorbent are recommended to prevent overheating and chafing. The most common choice is 100% cotton, which is soft, lightweight, and allows the skin to breathe easily while absorbing sweat.
Other plant-based fibers offer superior moisture management properties. Tencel, also known as Lyocell, is a soft, breathable fiber derived from wood pulp known for its excellent moisture-wicking capabilities and resistance to bacterial growth. Bamboo viscose is prized for its smooth texture, high absorbency, and ability to regulate temperature. Silk is another gentle option, especially therapeutic-grade varieties, because its smooth, protein-based fibers minimize friction and help regulate body temperature.
Minimizing Irritation from Fleece
While fleece is not ideal for direct skin contact, its insulating properties make it useful as an outer layer for cold weather. Its use does not always have to be avoided entirely if smart layering is implemented. This involves wearing a protective barrier layer of an eczema-friendly material directly against the skin, such as a thin, 100% cotton base layer, which shields sensitive skin and absorbs perspiration.
Proper laundering of all clothing, especially fleece, is necessary to reduce the potential for irritation. Use only 100% fragrance-free and dye-free laundry detergents, as the perfumes and chemicals in standard products are common eczema triggers. Fabric softeners and dryer sheets should be avoided completely because they leave a waxy residue that traps irritants and contains fragrances that exacerbate inflammation. To ensure all traces of detergent are removed from the dense fibers, select an extra or double rinse cycle on the washing machine.