Exercise-induced vasculitis (EIV) is a temporary inflammation of the small blood vessels in the skin, triggered by physical activity. It manifests as a rash, often accompanied by itching, burning, or mild pain. Also known as golfer’s vasculitis or hiker’s rash, it typically appears on the lower legs and ankles. It generally resolves on its own.
Understanding Exercise-Induced Vasculitis
Symptoms include red or purplish patches, bumps, or hives on the lower legs and ankles. These skin changes are often accompanied by itching, stinging, burning, or mild pain. Swelling of the affected legs may occur. The rash typically affects exposed skin, while areas covered by socks or stockings remain unaffected.
EIV is triggered by sustained physical activity like prolonged standing, walking, running, or hiking, particularly in warm or humid conditions. Golf, step aerobics, and swimming are also triggers. It predominantly affects physically active, otherwise healthy females over 50. While the exact cause is not fully understood, factors like heat, gravity, and impaired venous return during exercise contribute to its development.
Assessing the Danger and Health Implications
Exercise-induced vasculitis is a benign and self-limiting condition. Though uncomfortable, the rash does not lead to systemic organ damage or serious long-term health problems. Unlike severe forms of vasculitis affecting internal organs, EIV is confined to the skin. Patients with EIV do not experience systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, or joint pain.
Complications from EIV are rare. The rash usually resolves within days to two weeks, though some may persist for up to four weeks. Occasionally, a purplish-brown mark may remain after the rash subsides. It does not require specific medical intervention. It is not contagious.
Management and When to Seek Medical Attention
Elevating affected legs reduces discomfort and swelling. Cool compresses or ice packs provide relief from itching and burning. Over-the-counter NSAIDs or antihistamines can alleviate pain and itching.
To prevent recurrence, individuals can avoid strenuous exercise in warm weather and wear compression stockings. Frequent breaks during prolonged activity in hot conditions also help. Seek medical attention if symptoms are severe, persist beyond a few weeks, or are accompanied by systemic symptoms like fever, joint pain, or muscle aches. A medical professional can confirm diagnosis and rule out similar conditions.