Acid reflux is the backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus, commonly resulting in heartburn. This occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscular ring, improperly relaxes. Curd, a fermented dairy product, is often suggested as a home remedy for digestive discomfort, but its effect on reflux is conditional, depending on its composition and how it is consumed.
Curd’s Soothing Properties and pH Buffering
Curd can offer a soothing effect on the esophagus and stomach due to its physical properties. Its naturally cool temperature and thick consistency provide a physical coating that shields the irritated esophageal lining from stomach acid. The protein and calcium present in curd contribute to its ability to act as a mild buffer, helping to neutralize acidity in the stomach.
The live and active cultures, or probiotics, found in fresh curd, such as Lactobacillus strains, support digestive health. These beneficial microorganisms help maintain a balanced gut environment, leading to smoother digestion. By improving gut motility, probiotics can indirectly lessen pressure on the LES. A healthier gut microbiome reduces gas and bloating, which are factors that increase abdominal pressure and trigger reflux episodes.
Factors That Can Exacerbate Reflux Symptoms
While curd offers potential benefits, certain qualities can trigger or worsen reflux symptoms. The high-fat content in full-cream curd is a significant factor for reflux sufferers. Dietary fat relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, making it more likely for stomach acid to splash back into the esophagus.
Fat Content and Gastric Emptying
High-fat foods take longer to digest, delaying gastric emptying and increasing stomach volume and internal pressure. This elevated pressure forces stomach contents against the LES, making reflux more probable.
Lactic Acid Concentration
The primary acid in curd is lactic acid, produced during the fermentation process. Curd that is old or overly sour has a higher concentration of this lactic acid, resulting in a lower pH level. This increased acidity can directly irritate an already sensitive esophageal or stomach lining, causing heartburn.
Practical Guidelines for Curd Consumption
To maximize the potential benefits of curd while minimizing the risk of triggering acid reflux, specific guidelines should be followed. It is recommended to choose low-fat or non-fat curd options, as reducing fat content prevents LES relaxation and delayed gastric emptying. The curd should also be consumed when fresh and not excessively sour, ensuring the concentration of lactic acid is lower.
Serving size is also a practical consideration; consuming curd in moderation is better tolerated than large portions. Timing of consumption is also important, as lying down with a full stomach is a known reflux trigger. Individuals should avoid eating curd immediately before bed or within two to three hours of lying down for any extended period. Finally, choose plain, unsweetened curd, as added sugars and artificial flavors can complicate digestion and worsen symptoms.