Cataract surgery is a widely performed and generally safe procedure that restores vision by replacing a cloudy natural lens with an artificial one. Following this surgery, it is common and normal for individuals to experience some tearing or watering of the eyes. Understanding the reasons behind this tearing can help patients navigate recovery with greater peace of mind.
Understanding Post-Operative Tearing
Increased tear production is a natural part of the eye’s healing process after cataract surgery. The surgery can temporarily irritate the eye’s surface, triggering a protective reflex to produce more tears.
Mild inflammation, a common response to surgery, can stimulate tear glands to produce more fluid. This inflammation typically resolves with prescribed eye drops. Paradoxically, dry eye syndrome can also lead to watery eyes. Surgery can temporarily disrupt corneal nerves, leading to an unstable tear film and reflex tearing to moisten the dry surface. Temporary swelling or irritation near the tear ducts can also cause tears to overflow.
When Tears Indicate a Problem
While some tearing is normal, excessive watering may indicate a complication requiring immediate medical attention. Report persistent or severe pain, which is not typical after cataract surgery, to your surgeon without delay. Sudden vision decrease, new flashes of light, or increased floaters are red flags for serious issues like retinal detachment.
Worsening redness, eye swelling, or any discharge are potential signs of infection, a rare but serious complication called endophthalmitis. If tearing is accompanied by a persistent gritty feeling or severe, unimproving light sensitivity, contact your eye care professional. These symptoms require prompt evaluation to prevent further complications and ensure optimal healing.
Managing Eye Discomfort and Tearing
For normal post-operative tearing and mild discomfort, several steps can help manage symptoms and support healing. Use all prescribed eye drops exactly as directed by your surgeon. These typically include antibiotic drops to prevent infection and anti-inflammatory drops (steroids and NSAIDs) to reduce swelling and pain. If using over-the-counter artificial tears, wait 5 to 30 minutes after medicated drops for proper absorption.
Avoid rubbing or pressing on the eyes, as this can irritate the surgical site and increase complication risk. Gently dab tears from the lower lid with a clean tissue. Rest your eyes and avoid straining activities like prolonged screen time to alleviate discomfort. Prevent irritants like dust, wind, or smoke from entering the eye to reduce tearing.
Protecting Your Eyes During Recovery
Protecting your eyes during recovery is important for smooth healing and to prevent discomfort or excessive tearing. Wear a protective eye shield, especially at night and during naps for about one week, to prevent accidental rubbing or pressure while sleeping. This shield also helps guard against dust and other particles.
Wear sunglasses outdoors to shield eyes from bright light, wind, and UV rays, which can cause irritation and increase tearing. Avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and bending over, especially in the initial days, to prevent undue eye pressure. Maintain good hygiene: avoid getting water, soap, or shampoo directly in the eye when showering, and refrain from swimming for several weeks to prevent infection. Also avoid wearing eye makeup for several weeks to prevent particles from entering the healing eye.