Dry mouth, medically known as xerostomia, is a common and uncomfortable condition resulting from an insufficient quantity or quality of saliva. Saliva performs many functions, including lubricating mouth tissues, aiding digestion, and protecting teeth from decay. This article examines the current understanding of coconut oil as a natural remedy, exploring its proposed scientific mechanisms and practical application for relieving xerostomia symptoms. The purpose is to provide clarity on the potential benefits and limitations of using this oil for oral discomfort.
Understanding Dry Mouth
Xerostomia is a persistent condition that significantly affects oral health and quality of life. The problem arises when the salivary glands fail to produce an adequate amount of saliva. This reduction in salivary flow is most frequently caused by side effects from over 400 common medications, including those for depression, allergies, and high blood pressure. Other significant causes include head and neck radiation therapy, which can damage the salivary glands, and autoimmune conditions like Sjögren syndrome. When saliva production drops, patients often report a sticky, dry feeling, a persistent sore throat, and difficulty speaking, chewing, and swallowing. A lack of protective saliva also increases the risk of serious oral health issues, such as dental decay, gum disease, and fungal infections like oral thrush.
How Coconut Oil Works to Relieve Symptoms
Coconut oil is thought to help alleviate dry mouth symptoms through two primary mechanisms: lubrication and antimicrobial action. The oil is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, making it an excellent emollient that coats the oral tissues. This physical barrier helps to temporarily seal in existing moisture and lubricate the dry lining of the mouth, reducing the uncomfortable feeling associated with xerostomia. Its moisturizing effect provides immediate, short-term relief by reducing the evaporation of residual moisture from the oral mucosa. The swishing motion involved in oil pulling may also mechanically stimulate salivary glands, potentially prompting a minor increase in natural saliva flow.
The second mechanism relates to the oil’s high concentration of lauric acid, a fatty acid that constitutes approximately 50% of its composition. Lauric acid is metabolized into a compound called monolaurin, which exhibits antimicrobial properties. This action is relevant because the reduced salivary flow in dry mouth compromises the mouth’s natural defense against pathogens. Studies indicate that lauric acid can help reduce harmful oral bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans, a primary cause of tooth decay, and Candida albicans, which causes oral thrush. By suppressing the overgrowth of these organisms, coconut oil may help mitigate the increased risk of secondary infections common in people with dry mouth. While anecdotal reports support its use, high-quality clinical trials specifically investigating coconut oil’s efficacy for xerostomia relief remain limited.
Applying Coconut Oil Safely and Effectively
The most common method for using coconut oil as an oral remedy is called oil pulling, which involves swishing the oil around the mouth for an extended period. To perform this technique, place one tablespoon of unrefined or extra-virgin coconut oil into the mouth. The oil is then gently swished through the teeth for about 15 to 20 minutes, allowing it to emulsify and mix with saliva. After the designated time, the oil should be spat out into a trash can rather than a sink to prevent plumbing clogs as the oil solidifies. This process should be done on an empty stomach and should not replace regular brushing and flossing.
For those who cannot tolerate the swishing duration, a simpler approach is to use the oil as a direct coating. This involves placing a small amount on the tongue and coating the inside of the cheeks and roof of the mouth, providing direct lubrication. Users should be aware that the feeling of oil in the mouth can sometimes trigger a gag reflex. The oil should not be swallowed because it contains extracted bacteria and toxins, and excessive ingestion may cause mild digestive upset. Coconut oil is a complementary remedy for managing symptoms, not a cure for the underlying cause of xerostomia. Individuals who experience severe or persistent dry mouth should consult a healthcare provider or dentist for a proper diagnosis and comprehensive treatment plan.