The ornamental plant known as Cleome, or Spider Flower, is frequently grown in gardens for its unique, tall blooms. Cleome is generally not classified as fatally poisonous to humans. The plant contains mild toxic substances throughout its structure, which primarily act as irritants. This classification as a mild irritant guides necessary precautions for handling and placement in a household setting.
Toxicity Status: Ingestion Risk for Humans
Cleome contains compounds that, if consumed, are known to cause gastrointestinal irritation in humans. The entire plant, especially the seeds, holds these substances in varying concentrations. Accidental ingestion can lead to unpleasant but generally non-life-threatening symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach cramps.
Fortunately, the plant’s taste is often described as quite bitter, which acts as a natural deterrent against consuming large quantities. This inherent bitterness significantly reduces the likelihood of severe poisoning in both humans and animals.
Because of this deterrent effect, cases of severe systemic poisoning in adults or older children are rare. However, the risk remains highest for toddlers who might explore the world by putting things into their mouths. While the symptoms are generally self-limiting, the gastrointestinal distress warrants caution and preventative measures.
Contact Dermatitis and Handling Safety
Beyond the risk of ingestion, contact with the Cleome plant can cause external irritation. Many older cultivars feature stems with small, sharp spines or prickles that can cause simple mechanical irritation to the skin.
Additionally, the plant secretes a sticky sap that can trigger contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. This reaction is a form of skin inflammation characterized by symptoms like redness, localized itching, and mild swelling. To prevent this irritation, wear gardening gloves whenever handling or pruning the plant.
Protective measures are especially important when disturbing the plant, such as harvesting the seeds or removing spent flower heads. Newer, hybrid varieties, such as ‘Senorita Rosalita,’ are often bred to be thorn-free, minimizing the risk of mechanical injury. Even with these newer varieties, wearing gloves remains the most effective way to avoid potential sap-induced skin reactions.
Safe Gardening Practices for Households
Gardeners should implement sensible practices when incorporating Cleome into their landscape. The placement of the plant is an important consideration, and it should be sited away from high-traffic areas where small children or pets frequently play. While some sources suggest the plant is non-toxic to common household pets, other experts advise caution due to the irritant compounds, making inaccessibility the safest option.
If exposure occurs, immediate first-aid steps can mitigate the effects. For skin contact, thoroughly wash the affected area with soap and water to remove any irritating sap and minimize the risk of dermatitis. In the event of suspected ingestion, rinse the mouth immediately, encourage the person or pet to drink small amounts of water, and contact Poison Control or a veterinarian for personalized advice.
When disposing of clippings, ensure they are promptly bagged and placed out of reach, rather than left in piles. The risks associated with Cleome are manageable, but they require awareness and intentional preventative action.